166 PARUS 



240. PERSIAN COAL TITMOUSE. 

 PARUS PILffiONOTUS. 



Parus phceonotus, Blanford, Ibis, 1873, p. 88 ; Gadow, Cat. B. Br. Mus. 

 viii. p. 44 ; Dresser, ix. p. 121, pi. 657 ; P. michailowskii, Bogdanoff, 

 Ptits. Kavkasa, p. 87 (1889) ; Gadow, op. cit. p. 43. 



Buraja-GaitsMa, Kavkaskaya-Gaitschka, Russian. 



Ad. (Tiflis). Resembles P. britannicus, but is larger, the upper parts 

 rather paler, the flanks warm brownish isabelline, and the centre of the 

 abdomen pure white. Culmen 0*53, wing 2*7 tail 2'05, tarsus 0'75 inch. 

 The young bird has the upper parts duller and darker, the white portions 

 of the plumage tinged with buffy yellow, and the flanks darker. 



Hob. The Caucasus, Transcaspia, and Persia ; resident. 



In the summer it inhabits the mountains to an elevation of 

 7,000 feet, descending to the plains in winter. It frequents 

 both conifer and deciduous groves and woods, and in general 

 habits and note does not differ from P. ater. 



Its nest and eggs are as yet unknown. 



241. SUBSP. PARUS RUFIPECTUS. 



Parus rufipectus, Severtz. Turk. Jevot. p. 134 (1873) ; Gadow. Cat. B. Br. 

 Mus. viii. p. 44 ; Pleske, Prjevalsky's Reisen, Vogel, p. 155, Taf. ix. 

 fig. 1 ; P. picecs, Severtz. J. f. 0. 1873, p. 346. 



Ad. (Turkestan). Differs from P. phceonotus in being rather smaller, in 

 having the black extending rather further down on the back, the upper 

 part of the back being slaty blue, and only the lower back and the rump 

 olivaceous grey ; spots on the median wing-coverts and the under parts 

 generally pale rufous, fading into buffy rufous on the middle of the 

 abdomen. Culmen 0'4, wing 2*32, tail T65, tarsus 0'7 inch. 



Hal. Eastern Turkestan. 



In habits the present species does not differ from P. ater ; 

 its nest and eggs are not known. 



242. ALGERIAN COAL TITMOUSE. 

 PARUS LEDOUCII. 



Parus ledoucii, Malherbe, Cat. Ois. Alg. in Mem. de la Soc. d'Hist. Nat. 

 de la Moselle, p. 45 (1842) ; Dresser, iii. p. 85, pi. 107, fig. 1 ; Gadow, 

 Cat. B. Br. Mus. viii. p. 44. 



JBou-reziza, Arabic. 



