198 MOT AC ILL A 



Crustacea and mollusca. It runs with ease and grace, and 

 vibrates its body and tail. Where cattle are pasturing it often 

 attends them to capture the insects they disturb, and will also 

 follow the plough. Its call-note is a pleasant sharp cheep, and 

 the male has a modulated rather simple song, which, however, is 

 not often heard. Nidification commences in April or early in 

 May, and the nest, which is placed in a hole, in an old wall, in 

 a faggot stack, in a bank, or stone heap, is constructed of grass- 

 stems, moss, and fine roots, and lined with wool, hair, or 

 feathers. The eggs, 5 or 6 in number, are french \vhite spotted 

 and marked with greyish-brown, and are indistinguishable from 

 those of M. alba. 



294. JAPANESE PIED WAGTAIL. 

 MOTACILLA LUOENS. 



Motacilla lugens, " Pall." Kittlitz. Kupf. Vog. p. 16, pi. 21, fig.l (1832) ; 

 Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. x. p. 474, pi. iv. figs. 1-4 ; M. japomca, 

 Swinhoe, Ibis. 1863, p. 309 ; 31. amurensis, Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, 

 p. 345, pi. ix ; M. blakistoni, id. Ibis. 1883, p. 91 ; 31. camtschatica, 

 Tacz. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1882, p. 388. 



ad. (Japan). Differs from 31. lugubris in having a narrow black 

 streak passing through the eye, much more white on the wings, the 

 median and larger coverts especially being almost entirely white, and the 

 chin is also white. Bill and legs black ; iris dark brown. Culmen 0'6, 

 wing 3'8, tail 3'85, tarsus 0'95 inch. In the winter the upper parts are 

 blackish grey and there is much less black on the throat and neck. This 

 species differs from Motacilla ocularis only in having the back black, not 

 grey, and in having more white on the wings. 



Hal. Eastern Siberia, Kamchatka, and Japan, rare in China 

 and Formosa. 



In general habits it does not differ from its allies, frequenting 

 damp localities, especially meadow-land, feeding on insects of 

 various kinds. Its nest resembles that of M. alba, but is 

 constructed of somewhat different materials, frequently of the 

 leaves of an aquatic plant, and lined with hair of deer. The 

 eggs, 5 or 6 in number, are french white rather boldly marked 

 with greyish brown. 



295. WHITE-FACED WAGTAIL. 

 MOTACILLA LEUCOPSIS. 



3fotacilla leucopsis, Gould, P.Z.S. 1837, p. 78 : Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. 

 x. p. 482 ; Gates F. Brit. Ind. Birds, ii. p. 288 ; 31. luzoniensis 

 (nee. Scop.), Gray, Cat. Mamm. &c., Nepal, p. 75 ; Jerd. B. of Ind. ii. 

 p. 118. 



