FRINGALA UDALEUCOSTICTE 303 



of lower mandible, and a spot at base of forehead brownish fleshy ; legs 

 blackish brown ; iris cinnabar red. Culmen 0'5, wing 3*92, tail, 2*75, 

 tarsus 0'76 inch. Sexes alike. 



Hob. Altai range, Turkestan, Afghanistan ; the Himalayas 

 from Gilgit to Kumaon, occurring at altitudes of from 9,000 to 

 10,000 feet in summer and at about 5,000 feet in winter. 



In habits it is said to agree closely with F. nemoricola. 



LEUCOSTICTE, Swains., 1831. 



444. BRANDT'S GROUND-LINNET. 

 LEUCOSTICTE BRANDTI. 



Leucosticte brandti, Bp. Consp., i. p. 537 (1850) ; (Sharpe), Cat. B. Br. 

 Mus. xii. p. 269 ; (Gates), F. Brit. Ind. Birds, ii. p. 248 ; Monti- 

 fringilla hcematopygia, Gould, P.Z.S. 1851, p. 115 ; id. B. of As. 

 v. pi. 3. 



ad. (Sikhim). Upper parts sooty ashy brown, with darker streaks ; 

 crown sooty hlackish brown ; rump and upper tail-coverts ashy brown, 

 with terminal rosy margins ; wings and tail blackish brown, with hoary 

 whitish margins, the coverts with broader margins ; lores, base of the bill, 

 and feathers round the eye blackish ; under parts ashy grey, the lower 

 abdomen white ; bill and legs black ; iris brown. Culmen 0'5, wing, 4*4, 

 tail 2 '95, tarsus 0'8 inch. Female similar, but the rose tint on the rump 

 is duller. The young bird is duller and darker, more streaked above, and 

 lacks the rosy tinge on the rump. 



Hob. Turkestan ; the Himalayas from Gilgit to Sikhim ; 

 Tibet. 



Frequents the mountains in summer at elevations of 12,000 

 to 19,000 feet, descending lower in winter. I find nothing on 

 record respecting its habits, and its nest and eggs are unknown. 



445. SIBERIAN GROUND-LINNET. 

 LEUCOSTICTE ARCTOA. 



Leucosticte arctoa, (Pall.) Zoogr. Ross. As. ii, p. 11 (1811) ; (Gould), 

 B. of As. v. pi. 2 ; Ridgway, p. 394; (Sharpe), Cat. B. Br. Mus. xii, 

 p. 272 ; Tacz. F. O. Sib. 0. p. 649 ; Frmgilla gebleri, Brandt, Bull. 

 Soc. Acad. St. Petersb. x. p. 251 (1842). 



$ ad. (E. Siberia). Upper parts dull chocolate brown with paler 

 margins ; wings blackish brown with broad, external, silvery white margins 



