328 CARPODA CVSER YTHROSPIZA 



are dull greenish blue, sparingly marked with brownish grey, 

 and measure about 0'87 by 0'65. 



Oarpodacus amliguus (Hume) Str. Feath. ii. p. 326 (1874), 

 which may possibly occur within the Palsearctic area, is a sub- 

 species differing from 0. thura in the absence of the silvery rose 

 on the forehead and supercilium, and of the silvery markings on 

 the throat. Only one male, which was obtained in Garhwal, is 

 known. 



ERYTHROSPIZA, Bp. 1832-41. 



480. CRIMSON- WINGED BULLFINCH. 



ERYTHROSPIZA SANGUINEA. 



Erythrospiza sanguinea (Gould), P. Z. S. 1837, p. 127 ; id. B. of Asia, v. 

 p. 28 ; Dresser, iv. p. 91, pi. 197 ; (Sliarpe), Cat. B. Br. Mus. xii, 

 p. 280 ; (id.) 2nd Yark. Miss. Aves, p. 34, pi. v. ; E. phcenicoptera, 

 Bpi Comp. List. p. 34 (1838) ; E. rhodoptera (Licht.), Nomencl. Av. 

 p. 48 (1854) ; Eadde Orn. Cauc. p. 167. 



ad. (Asia Minor). Crown dull blackish, with si iglitly paler margins, 

 the sides of the crown, throat and hind-neck sandy buff ; lores and sides 

 of the head at the base of the bill carmine-red ; upper parts dull umber- 

 brown, with paler margins, the upper tail-coverts rose-pink ; quills and 

 larger wing-coverts dark brown, externally margined with rich rose or 

 carmine-red, the inner secondaries tipped with white ; outer rectrices 

 white, the shafts brown, remainder dark brown slightly tipped with 

 white ; throat and flanks pale umber-brown, with dark centres ; middle 

 of breast, abdomen, under tail, and wing-coverts white, tinged with 

 rose ; bill brownish ; legs light brown ; iris dark brown. Culmen 0'52, 

 wing 4*15, tail 2 - 5, tarsus 0*78 inch. Female duller in colour, the 

 crown-feathers with broader sandy buff margins, the under parts with 

 the white more extended, and the red in the plumage paler. 



Hob. Palestine, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Persia, Turkestan, 

 and Yarkand ; of doubtful occurrence in Algeria and Arabia. 



Appears to be resident throughout its range, passing the 

 summer at considerable altitudes in the mountains, descending 

 down to the plains in the winter. It frequents trees and 

 bushes as well as the rocks, and is said to be somewhat shy 

 and restless in its general habits. It is not found in the woods, 

 but where trees and bushes are sparsely distributed. The only 

 record of its nidification is that of Mr. Cochrane, who found a 

 nest containing one egg near the cedars of Lebanon on the 

 24th May, 1864, and shot the parent bird, which he presented 

 to Canon Tristram. The nest, which was placed in a tree, 



