LOXIAEMBERIZA 343 



499. TWO-BARRED CROSSBILL. 

 LOXIA BIFASCIATA. 



Loxia lifasciata (Brehm), Ornis, iii. p. 85 (1827) ; Gould, B. of Gt. 

 Brit. iii. pi. 47 ; Newton, ii. p. 211 ; Dresser, iv. p. 141, pi. 205 ; 

 Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. xii. p. 442 ; Saunders, p. 203 ; Lilford, 

 iv. p. 80, pi. 38 ; L. tcenioptera, Gloger, Isis, 1827, p. 411 ; Naum. 

 xiii. p. 188, Taf. 385, figs. 1, 2, 3. 



Bec-croise' lifascit, French ; Crociere fasciato, Ital. ; Weiss- 

 lindige Kreuzschnabel, German; Witbandige Krui&bek, Dutch; 

 Hvidvinget Korsnceb, Dan. and Norw. ; Bandel Korsnabb, Swed. ; 

 Kirjasiipi Kieronokka, Finn. ; Klest-lialokruiloui, Russ. 



$ ad. (Archangel). Differs from L. leucoptera in having the red in 

 the plumage carmine-red, with a vermilion tinge, the scapulars dull black, 

 much tinged with red, the tail more forked, and the "bill stouter. Cul- 

 men 0'85, height of bill at base 0'43, wing 3-8, tail 2' 75, tarsus 0'62 inch. 

 The female resembles that of L. leucoptera, but has the bill stouter, the tail 

 more forked, and the under parts rather fainter aud less striped. Both 

 this species and L. leucoptera vary a good deal in the depth of red in the 

 plumage, and occasionally it is intermixed more or less with yellow. 



Hob. The northern portions of Europe and Asia, in winter 

 wandering south to Southern Germany and Italy, and in Asia 

 to Manchuria. As a rare straggler it has been obtained in 

 England, Scotland, and Ireland. 



In habits it does not appear to differ from L. leucoptera and 

 frequents the spruce- and larch-woods. It is tamer than the 

 Common Crossbill and is very easy of approach. I never 

 heard it utter any note but the low call-note not unlike that 

 of L. curmrostra, but there is no doubt that it has a pleasant 

 and musical song, and in Russia is kept as a cage bird for 

 that reason. Its nest resembles that of L. curvirostra but is 

 smaller and somewhat slighter built, and the eggs also resemble 

 those of that species but are rather darker in ground colour. 



EMBERIZA, Briss., 1760. 



500. CORN-BUNTING. 

 EMBERIZA MILIARIA. 



Emberiza miliaria, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 308 (1766) ; Naum. iv. p. 21 3 y 

 Taf. 101, fig. 1 ; Hewitson. i. p. 186, pi. xlvii. fig. 3 ; Gould, B. of 

 E. iii. pi. 171 ; (id.) B. of Gt. Brit. iii. pi. 26 ; Newton, ii. p. 38 ; 

 Dresser, iv. p. 163, pi. 208 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. xii. p. 552 ; 

 Saunders, p. 207 ; Lilford, iv. p. 24, pi. 13. 



