PERISOREUS GARRULUS 4 1 1 



Hob. Scandinavia north into Lapland, of rare occurrence in 

 Denmark and N. Germany ; in Asia across the entire continent 

 south to Saghalien and the Amoor. 



Frequents the conifer woods, and is by no means shy, but 

 affects the camps of hunters, being most familiar, and the huts 

 of the Lapps, where it can feed on the meat hung up to dry. 

 It feeds on larvae, small mammals, berries, etc., and is said 

 to kill and devour young birds. Its cry is very varied being 

 sometimes a cheerful kook kook, and at others a melancholy, and 

 somewhat harsh tjah, tjali. Early in the spring whilst the snow 

 is still on the ground it commences modification, its nest, which 

 is placed in a tree, close to the stem, being constructed of twigs 

 and grey lichen, intermixed with a few feathers and a little 

 grass, and lined with lichen and a little hair. The eggs, 3 to 

 5 in number, are dull white or pale greenish white with purplish 

 grey shell-markings and well defined hair-brown surface-spots 

 and blotches, and in size average about 1*24 by 0'85. 



The Siberian bird (P. infaustus sibiricus, Tacz.) is as a rule 

 rather clearer and greyer in colour than the European bird, but 

 cannot be separated from it even subspecifically. 



GARRULUS, Briss., 1760. 



585. THE JAY. 

 GARRULUS GLANDARIUS. 



Garrulus glandarms (Linn.), Syst. Nat. i. p. 156 (1766); (Naum.) ii. 

 p. 122, Taf. 58, fig. 1 ; Hewitson, i. p. 237, pi. Ix. fig. 1 ; Gould, 

 B. of. E. iii. p. 214 ; id. B. of Gt. Brit. iii. pi. 64 ; Newton, ii. 

 p. 323 ; Dresser, iv. p. 481, pi. 254 ; Sharpe Cat. B. Br. Mus. iii. 

 p. 93 ; Saunders, p. 235 ; Lilford, ii. p. 60. pi. 26. 



Geai ordinaire, French ; Gaio, Portug. ; Arrendajo, Cabezon, 

 Span. : Ghiandaja, Ital. ; Nussheher, JEwhelheher, German ; 

 Vlaamsche Gaai, Dutch ; Skovskade Dan. ; Nceddeskrige, Norweg. ; 

 Notskrika, Swed. ; Hohkanarhi, PasJcanarhi, Finn. ; Soika, Russ. 



ad. (Denmark). Crown crested, whitish striped with black ; upper 

 parts light brownish vinous washed with grey on the back ; under parts 

 buffy white, flanks reddish ; rump, upper tail-coverts, vent, and under 

 tail-coverts white ; tail and quills black, secondaries with a white patch on 

 the basal half of the outer web, the innermost chestnut with a black patch 

 at the tip ; secondaries barred with black, white, and blue ; a long black 

 patch below the eye ; bill blackish brown ; legs light reddish brown ; iris 

 bluish white. Culmen 1/5, wing 7 '2, tail 6'5, tarsus 1 P 5 inch. The 

 female and young resemble the male but are duller in colour. 



