DENDROCOPUS 445- 



Pic dpeichette, French ; Peto gallego, Portug. ; Pipo, Span. m r 

 Picchio piccolo, Ital. ; Kleiner Bunt sp edit, German ; Mindste 

 Flagspet, Dan. ; Liden Flagspct, Norw. ; Lilla Hackspett, Swed. ; 

 Tsitsach-tschaitne, Lapp.; Pieni Tikka, Finn.; Maloni-Dyatell, 

 Russ. 



(J ad. (Sweden). Upper parts generally black, barred with white ; fore- 

 head and lores buffy white ; crown pale crimson ; lower back black barred 

 with black ; sides of the head buffy white ; crown bordered by a narrow 

 black stripe ; malar stripe black continued to the sides of the neck where 

 it joins a black triangular patch ; outer tail-feathers white, barred with 

 black on the basal portion ; under parts dull white tinged with brown on 

 the breast and flanks, the sides of the upper breast striped with black ; 

 bill and legs dusky plumbeous ; iris reddish. Culmen 0'65, wing 3'8, 

 tail 2*45, tarsus 0'55 inch. The female has the crown whitish, not crimson. 

 The young are duller in colour ; the young male has the crown dull 

 crimson, but only the forepart is crimson in the young female. 



Hal. Europe generally, from Lapland to the Mediterranean ; 

 Azores ; Algeria ; Asia through Southern Siberia to Mongolia, 

 Manchuria, and Yezo in Japan. 



Throughout its range it is a resident or only a partial 

 migrant, and affects deciduous trees, especially fruit trees, in 

 preference to conifers. Its flight is a succession of bow-shaped 

 dips and whirring. It is very active and restless, and its note, 

 which is softer and lower than that of its congeners, is kiik, 

 kiik, kiik, kiik, uttered several times in succession. It feeds on 

 insects of various kinds and their larvaB and eggs. Its nest is 

 usually bored in a non-evergreen tree at from 6 to 20 feet 

 above the ground, and its 4 to 6 glossy white eggs ara 

 deposited in May or June, and in size average 0'74 by 0*56. 



638. SUBSP. DENDROCOPUS PIPRA. 



Dendrocopus pipra (Pall.), Zoogr. Ross. As. i. p. 414 (1811) ; (Dresser) r 

 v. p. 65, pi. 283 ; Hargitt, Cat. B. Br. Mns. xviii. p. 255 ; >_ 

 kamtschatkensis (Bp.), Consp. Volucr. "Zygod. p. 8, No. 49 (1854) ;. 

 Tacz. F. 0. Sib. 0. p. 706 ; D. immaculatus, Steuj. Proc. Biol. 

 Soc. Wash. ii. p. 98 (1884). 



ad. (N. E. Siberia). Differs from D. minor in having the white portions 

 of the plumage more extensive ; the back is not regularly barred but has 

 merely a few irregular indications of bars, the outer tail-feathers are much 

 more faintly barred, and the under parts are pure white with faint 

 indications of stripes on the sides of the breast. Culmen 0*72, wing 3*8,. 

 tail 2-7, tarsus 0'68 inch. 



