J2THYIA 619 



Is an expert diver, obtaining its food, which consists chiefly 

 of small shellfish and minute Crustacea and marine plants, 

 chiefly by diving. It swims with ease and flies tolerably swiftly, 

 usually not high above the surface of the water. It breeds in 

 June or early in July, nesting on the ground under a bush, 

 sometimes under a stone or in a hole, its nest generally consist- 

 ing only of grass. Its eggs, 8 to 9, sometimes 11 in number, 

 are greyish stone-buff and measure about 2'48 by 1*75. East 

 Asiatic birds (F. mariloides, Vig.) are said to have sometimes a 

 purple gloss on the head. 



859. TUFTED DUCK. 

 .ffiSTHYIA FULIGULA. 



.EtJnjia f ul'tgula (Linn.), Syst, Nat. i. p. 207 (1766) ; (Naum.) xii. p. 64, 

 Taf. 310 ; (Salvador!), Cat. B. Br. Mus. xxvii. p. 363 ; (Blanf.), F. 

 Brit. Ind. Birds, iv. p. 463 ; (Ridgway), p. 103. M. cristata (Leach), 

 Syst. Cat. M. and B. Brit. Mus. p. 39 (1816) ; (Hewitson), ii. p. 430, 

 pi. cxviii. fig. 3 ; (Gould), B. of E. v. pi. 370 ; (id.) B. of Gt. Brit, 

 v. pi. 23 ; (Dresser), vi. p. 573, pi. 437 ; (Seebohm), B. Jap. Emp. 

 p. 355 ; (Tacz.), F. 0. Sib. 0. p. L 167 ; (Saunders), p. 447 ; (Lil- 

 ford), vii. p. 113, pi. 47. 



Morillon, French ; Negrella, Portug. ; Coquinero, Span. ; 

 Moretta, Ital. ; Haubenente, tickopfentc, German ; Kuifeend, 

 Dutch ; Topand, Dan. and Norweg. ; Vigg, Swed. ; Urib-fietag, 

 Lapp. ; Pieni-sorrti Jouhisotka, Finn. ; Tsckemett, Russ. ; Dubzru, 

 Ablak, Hindu. ; Kinkurohajiro-gamo, Jap. 



ad. (England). Head, neck, upper parts and wings, breast and under 

 tail-coverts black ; head with a long crest arid glossed with purple ; 

 speculum white tipped with black ; a few indistinct vermiculatioris on the 

 back; under parts white, the lower abdomen washed with grey; bill 

 plumbeous tipped with black ; legs dull olive-plumbeous the webs blackish ; 

 iris yellow. Culmen 1*8, wing 8 '2, tail 2'8, tarsus 1'5 inch. The female 

 has the head, neck, breast, and upper parts blackish brown with a faint 

 purplish gloss ; under parts brownish grey ; forehead tinged with brownish 

 white ; crest very short. In the late summer the plumage of the male is 

 browner on the head and neck, the back and lower neck indistinctly 

 powdered with greyish white ; crest shorter than in the spring. 



Hob. Europe generally, north as far as Lapland ; Southern 

 Europe and North Africa in winter, ranging south to Abyssinia ; 

 Asia east to Japan, north to Kamchatka, south in winter to 

 China and India, and of accidental occurrence in the Malay 

 Archipelago and Polynesian Islands. 



