CLANGULA 62$ 



( ad. (Iceland). Differs from 0. ylaucion in being larger, tlie head 

 more crested and glossed with purple, and between the eye and the bill is 

 an irregular cresceiitic white patch ; the white on the wing consists of two 

 smaller patches, divided by a broad black band. Culmen 1*5, wing 9'2, 

 tail 4'0, tarsus T6 inch. The female and young may be distinguished from 

 those of C. fjlaucion by their larger size, the larger and higher bill, and by 

 having less white on the wing. 



Hal}. Iceland and Greenland, occasionally straying to the 

 northern coasts of Europe, and has occurred as far south a& 

 Valencia in Spain ; Northern North America, breeding from the 

 Gulf of St. Lawrence northward ; in winter migrating south to 

 New York, Illinois, Utah, &c. 



In its habits it resembles C. glaucion, but it breeds amongst 

 stones and in holes in the rocks, and even in holes in houses. 

 Its eggs 9 to 12 in number are deposited in June, and 

 resemble those of C. glaucion, but measure about 2*75 by 175. 



864. BUFFLE-HEADED DUCK, 

 CLANGULA ALBEOLA. 



Clangula albeola (Linn.), Syst. Nat. i. p. 199 (1766) ; (Audub.) B. Am. 

 vi. p. 369, pi. 408 ; Dresser, vi. p. 589, pi. 439 ; Salvadori, Cat. B. 

 Br. Mus. xxvii. p. 385; Tacx. F. 0. Sib. O. p. 1174; (Kidgway), 

 p. 106 ; Saunders, p. 453 ; Lilford, vii. p. 117, pi. 49. 



<$ ad. (New Brunswick). Head and upper neck black, glossed with 

 metallic green and purple ; a large white patch from behind the eye extending 

 across the occiput ; lower neck, central and larger wing-coverts, outer scapu- 

 lars, and speculum white ; upper parts otherwise black ; tail grey ; under 

 parts white ; bill blackish plumbeous ; legs and feet yellowish pink ; iris 

 deep brown. Culmen 1'45, wing 6'7, tail 2'9, tarsus 1*5 inch. The female 

 has the head, neck, and upper parts blackish brown ; a white patch on the 

 ear-coverts, and a band across the wing white ; under parts white, the- 

 flanks tinged with ashy grey. 



Hob. The Northern United States and British North America,, 

 migrating south in winter to Mexico and the West Indies ; a< 

 very rare straggler to Great Britain, and has once been obtained 

 on Bering Island, North-east Asia. 



In general habits it resembles C. glaucion, but is if anything 

 a more expert diver, and will dive at the flash of a gun, hence 

 its local name on the North American coasts of Spirit Duck 

 and Dipper. In the summer it feeds on vegetable matter, 



