CHETTUSIALOBIVANELLUS 747 



of head pale brown ; fore neck brown ; breast ashy grey ; abdomen rosy 

 buff or salmon-colour ; bill black ; legs yellow ; iris reddish brown, the 

 edge of the eyelids red. Culmen T25, wing 6'7, tail 2'75, tarsus 2'55 inch. 

 Sexes alike. The young birds lack the pink tinge on the upper parts 

 and the feathers have pale margins. 



Hob. Southern Russia, Transcaspia: a rare straggler to 

 Southern Europe, but has occurred in Southern France and 

 Malta ; North Africa in winter ; in Asia it is found in Turke- 

 stan, Persia, Afghanistan, and Northern India in winter. 



Is essentially a marsh bird, and is rarely found away from 

 damp, marshy places. It is shy and wary, and is said never to 

 consort with other waders in winter, but in the breeding season 

 other species seek its society more especially on account of its 

 wariness, for it immediately announces the advent of an intruder 

 by its loud cry. It breeds in May, its nesfc being a heap of dry 

 herbage, with a depression in the middle, and is placed in a 

 damp locality, usually on the edge of a swamp, and the eggs, 2 

 to 4 in number, are small editions of those of C. gregaria, being 

 clay-yellow in ground-colour, marked all over, but generally 

 more profusely at the larger end, with black, the shell-markings 

 being duller and paler, and the surface spots and blotches 

 deeper black. In size they measure about 1'55 by l'I3. 



LOBIVANELLUS, Strickl., 1841. 



1040. RED- WATTLED LAPWING. 



LOBIVANELLUS INDICUS. 



LoUvanellus indicus (Bodd.), Tabl. Pi. Enl. p. 50 (1783) ; Dresser, ix. 

 p. 353, pi. 723 ; (Sharpe), Cat. B. Br. Mus. xxiv. p. 149 ; 

 (Blanf.), F. Brit. Ind. Birds, iv. p. 224 ; L. goensls (Gmel.), Syst. 

 Nat. i. p. 706 (1788) ; Strickl. P.Z.S. 1841, p. 33. 



Titai, Titi, Hindu. ; Kiralla, Kibulla, Cing. 



<J ad. (Transcaspia). Head, neck, and breast deep black ; a broad 

 streak from behind the eye down the neck, under parts below* the breast, 

 and upper tail-coverts white ; fore back greyish white ; rest of upper 

 parts brownish grey glossed with green, the median wing-coverts with 

 reddish purple ; quills white at base, otherwise black, the inner secondaries 

 nearly all white ; larger wing-coverts tipped with white ; tail black 

 across the middle, otherwise white ; terminal half of bill black, the basal 

 half, wattles in front of the eye, and eyelids lake-red ; legs and feet yellow ; 

 iris crimson. Culmen 1*45, wing 8'22, tail 4'78, tarsus 3'2 inch. Sexes 

 alike. The young bird has the crown brownish, the throat and sides of 

 face white, and the feathers on the upper parts with sandy buff margins. 



