T RING A 761> 



America near Franklin Bay, its nest being a shallow cavity in 

 the ground lined with a few decayed leaves, and late in June 

 or early in July it deposits 4 eggs, which are rufous drab, 

 boldly marked with dark sepia-brown or blackish brown, those 

 at the larger end being almost confluent ; in size they measure 

 1-35 by 0-95. 



1065. DUNLIN. 

 TRINGA ALPINA. 



Tringa alpina, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 249 (1766) ; Naum. vii. p. 426, 

 Taf. 186 ; Dresser, viii. p. 21, pi. 548 ; (Sharpe), Cat. B. Br. Mus. 

 xxiv. p. 602 ; Saunders, p. 583 ; Lilford, v. p. 81, pi. 34; Blanf. 

 F. Brit. Ind. Birds, iv. p. 279 ; T. variabilis, Meyer, Ann. Wetteran. 

 Gesellsch. i. p. 275 (1809) ; Hewitson, ii. p. 364, pi. cii. ; T. cinclus, 

 Linn. torn. cit. p. 251 ; T. schinzii (Brehm), Vog. Deutschl. p. 663 

 (1831) ; Naum. vii. p. 453, Taf. 187. 



Btcasseau variable, French ; Churrilla, Span. ; Piovanella 

 panda nera, Ital. ; Alpen-Strandlaufer, German; Strandbockje 

 Dutch ; Louthrcell, Icel. ; Almindelig-Ryle, Dan. ; Foranderlig- 

 Strandvibe, Norweg. ; Karrsnappa, Swed. ; Suo-sirriciinen, Finn. - r 

 Pestrosdboy-pessotchnik, Russ. 



$ ad. (England). Crown and upper parts generally black, varied with 

 rusty red or yellowish red ; nape, sides and back of neck white, streaked 

 with blackish grey ; rump and upper tail-coverts black with greyish 

 margins ; middle tail-feathers blackish grey, elongated, the rest dull ashy 

 grey ; a whitish stripe over the eye ; chin white ; throat and upper breast 

 white, broadly striped with black; a broad black patch on the lower 

 breast ; rest of under parts white ; bill and legs black ; iris dark brown. 

 Culmen T3, wing 4'4, tail 2'0, tarsus 1*0 inch. Female similar, but as a 

 rule larger. In winter the head and upper parts are dull ashy grey, the 

 feathers with darker centres ; rump and upper tail-coverts black, margined 

 with grey ; under parts white, the lower throat and sides of neck striated 

 with brownish. 



Hal}. Europe north to Novaya Zemlya and the Arctic coasts, 

 but not Spitsbergen, breeding as far south as Britain and Den- 

 mark ; in winter migrating to Southern Europe, and Africa as 

 far south as Zanzibar ; the Canaries ; Asia east to India ; acci- 

 dental in W. North America. 



Frequents the coasts, estuaries, and flats left bare by the tide, 

 and less often the shores of inland lakes and morasses ; in winter 

 and when on passage in flocks consorting with other waders, 

 and feeding on marine worms, crustaceans, and insects of various 

 kinds. Its flight is swift and strong, and its call-note is a clear 

 whistle. It breeds from the latter part of April to the middle 



