BARTRAMIA TOT ANUS 783 



p. 101, pi. 44 ; Pointing, p. 187, pi. 40 ; Tringa bartramia, Wils. 

 Am. Orn. vii. p. 63, pi. 50, fig. 2 ; (Gould), B. of E. iv. pi. 313 ; 

 (id.), B. of Gt. Brit. iv. pi. 63 ; (Naum.), viii. p. 43, Taf. 196. 



ad. (Wisconsin). Forehead buffy white marked with blackish brown ; 

 crown blackish brown and rufous buff with an irregular central buff stripe ; 

 hind neck brownish buff and black ; back and rump blackish brown, the 

 former with rufous buff margins ; upper surface of wings greyish buff 

 barred with blackish brown ; tail long, graduated, the middle feathers buffy 

 brown, the rest pale rufous, all barred with black, the latter tipped with 

 white and with a large subterminal black bar ; chin and fore face white ; 

 neck and breast buffy white, the former striped, the latter margined 

 with black ; rest of under parts white, the flanks and under wing- 

 surface barred with black ; bill yellowish at base, otherwise blackish ; 

 legs clay-yellow ; iris dark brown. Culmen 1-4, wing 6*65, tail 3'6, 

 tarsus 1'95. Sexes alike. In winter the upper parts are paler, and the 

 under parts less boldly marked. 



Hob. Eastern and Central America, north to the Yukon 

 valley and Nova Scotia, south in winter to Brazil and Peru ; 

 of rare and accidental occurrence in Britain, Germany, Holland, 

 Malta, Italy, and has been once recorded from Australia. 



Frequents the grass prairies, where it is not seen in flocks, 

 but singly or in pairs. Its call, when it takes wing, is a 

 melodious whistle of three notes. As a rule it is not shy, and 

 will often squat, reminding one of a Stone Curlew. Its food 

 consists chiefly of insects, especially grasshoppers, and it is 

 also known to eat berries. Its flesh is extremely well flavoured, 

 and in the autumn it is very fat. Its nest is a mere hollow 

 in the ground, and the eggs, 4 in number, are usually laid in 

 June, and are pale clay ochreous or creamy drab with numerous 

 purplish grey shell-markings and umber-brown surface spots, 

 and measure about T75 by 1*28. 



TOTANUS, Bechst., 1803. 



1083. REDSHANK. 

 TOTANUS CALIDRXS. 



Totanus calidris (Linn.), Syst. Nat. i. p. 245 (1766) ; Naum. viii. p. 95, 



Taf. 199 ; Hewitson, ii. p. 329, pi. Ixxxix. ; Gould, B. of E. iv. 

 . pi. 310 ; id. B. of Gt. Brit. iv. pi. 54 ; Dresser, viii. p. 157, pis. 567 

 " fig. 1, 568 fig. 1, 569 fig. 2 ; David and Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 464 ; 



Seebohm, B. Jap. Emp. p. 320 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. xxiv. 



p. 414 ; Tacz. F. 0. Sib. 0. p. 866 ; Blanf. F. Brit. Ind. Birds, iv. 



p. 264 ; Saunders, p. 615 ; Lilford, v. p. 113, pi. 49 ; Poynting, 



p. 217, pi. 46. 



