HISS A 823 



Drieteenige-Meeuw, Dutch ; Tretaaet Maagc, Dan. ; Krykje, 

 Norweg. ; Ringtjaen, TrrMig-Mdsc,S\ved. 



<$ ad. (Greenland). Head, neck, upper tail-coverts, tail, and entire 

 under parts pure white ; mantle dark French-grey or slate-grey ; quills 

 black at the end, the inner primaries with an apical white tip, the first 

 with the outer web black ; secondaries and scapulars edged with, white ; 

 hind toe absent or rudimentary ; beak yellow, red at the gape ; legs and feet 

 blackish brown ; iris brown ; edges of eyelids red. Culmen 1 ! 5, wing 

 11-2, tail 5"2, tarsus 1*25 inch. Sexes alike. In winter the nape and 

 sides and back of neck are streaked with grey. The young bird has the 

 upper parts variegated with black, a mark before the eye and a large patch 

 on the ear-coverts blackish grey ; a semi-collar on the hind neck, the first 

 4 quills and a broad tip to the tail black. 



Hob. The Arctic and subarctic regions of the Old and New 

 Worlds as far south as North-west France, the Kurile Islands in 

 Asia, and the Gulf of St. Lawrence in N. America in summer ; 

 ranging in winter south to the Caspian, the Mediterranean, and 

 Canaries, and on the American side to the middle United States 

 and Bermuda. 



Essentially a bird of the sea cliffs, it is only seen inland when 

 driven by stress of weather, and feeds on small fish, crustaceans, 

 and other maritime animals, which it usually fishes up from the 

 surface of the water. Its flight is soft and easy, and it both 

 swims well and can also dive. It breeds on the ledges of cliffs 

 skirting the sea, often in companies of thousands, and constructs 

 a rather bulky nest of seaweeds and grasses. The eggs, usually 

 3 in number, are deposited in May or June, and in ground- 

 colour are ochreous grey, sometimes tinged with greenish, or 

 pale greenish olivaceous, clouded and spotted with pale purplish 

 grey and dark brown. In size they measure about 2 '9 by T53. 



1132. RED-LEGGED KITTIWAKE. 

 RISSA BREVIROSTRIS. 



Rissa Ireviroslris (Bruch), J. f. O. 1853, p. 103 ; Saunders, Cat. B. Br. 

 Mu?. xxv. p. 312 ; Tacz. F. O. Sib. 0. p. 1053 ; Eidgway, p, 25 ; 

 L. Irachyrhynchus (nee. Richardson), Gould, P.Z.S. 1843, p. 106 ; 

 Rissa nivea (nee. Pallas), Gray, List. B. B. Mus. Anseres, p. 174 

 (1844) ; D. G. Elliot, New and Unfig. B. N. Am. ii. pi. 54. 



ad. Differs from R. tridactyla in having the mantle darker, the outer 

 webs and margins of inner webs of the primaries up to the 4th darker, 

 the under wing-coverts greyish slate, but paler than the mantle ; bill 

 lemon-yellow with a tinge of green ; legs and feet bright red ; iris brown. 



