FRATERCULA 873 



FRATERCULA, Briss., 1760. 



1207. PUFFIN. 

 FRATERCULA ARCTICA. 



Fratercula arctica (Linn.), Syst. Nat. i. p. 211 (1766) ; (Naum.), xii. 

 p. 577, Ta*f. 335 ; (Hewitson), ii. p. 466, pi. cxxvii. fig. 2 ; Gould, 

 B. of Gt. Brit. v. p. 51 ; Dresser, viii. p. 599, pi. 625 ; Ogilvie 

 Grant, Cat. B. Br. Mus. xxvi. p. 616 ; Saunders, p. 707 ; Ridgway, 

 p. 11 ; Lilford, vi. p. 96, pi. 43 ; Mormon fratercula, Temm. Man. 

 d'Orn. p. 614 (1815); Gould, B. of E. v. pi. 403; F. glacialis, 

 Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. xiii. part 1, p. 40, pi. iv. fig. 2 

 (1826). 



Macareux, French ; Papagaio do mar, Portug. ; Frailecillo, 

 Span. ; Polcinella di mare, Ital. ; Arktischer Lund, German ; 

 Se&papagei, Dutch ; Lundi, Icel. ; So-papagdie, Dan. ; Z/undefugl, 

 Norweg. ; Lunnefogel, Swed. 



$ ad. (Greenland). Crown brownish black ; sides of head to above the 

 eye,'chin, and upper throat ashy grey ; neck collar narrowing to a thin band 

 in front, back and upper parts, wings and tail deep black, the upper parts 

 glossed with purple ; under parts white ; bill in spring and summer livid 

 blue, the upper ridge and those crossing the bill orange-red, the fleshy part 

 round the gape orange, the ridge at the base tinged with green ; legs bright 

 orange ; iris grey ; a fleshy patch above and below the eye lead-blue. 

 Gape 1'55, height of bill at base 1'5, wing 6'7, tail 2'0, tarsus T15 inch. 



Hob. Both sides of the North Atlantic, north to Greenland, 

 east to Novaya Zemlya, breeding as far south as the north of 

 France ; in winter ranging south to the Canaries. 



Essentially an ocean bird the Puffin is only seen near the land 

 during the breeding season. It swims well and buoyantly, and 

 flies swiftly. It dives with ease, feeding on small fish and 

 mollusca, which it obtains by diving. It breeds in May, deposit- 

 ing in holes in the ground or crevices in the rocks, a single egg, 

 which is dull white with a rough surface, sometimes marked with 

 pale brown, and measures about 2'50 by 1*61. 



1208. HORNED PUFFIN. 

 FRATERCULA CORNICULATA. 



Fratercula corniculata (Naum.), Isis, 1821, p. 782, Taf. vii. figs. 3, 4 ; 

 Seebohm, B. Jap. Emp. p. 280 ; Tacz. F. 0. Sib. 0. p. 1248 ; 

 Ogilvie Grant, Cat. B. Br. Mus. xxvi. p. 620 ; Kidgway, p. 11. 



Etopirika, Jap. 



