IMPORTANT POISONOUS PLANTS 133 



The green parts of the plant contain saponin and solanin. 



Physalis heterophylla Nees. Ground Cherry. 



From New Brunswick southward and westward. Suspected plant as is P. 

 virgin iana Mill. 



Cestrum cauliflorum Jacq. Cestrum. 



West Indies. The C. nocturnum L., frequently cultivated in greenhouses. 

 Several species are poisonous. 



Atropa Belladonna L. Belladonna, Deadly Nightshade. 



Occasionally cultivated and possibly also an escape. Very poisonous. 



Xicotiana Tabacum L. Tobacco. 



Cultivated. Narcotic and poisonous, and produces the alkaloid nicotin, a 

 very poisonous substance. 



Xicotiana alarum Link & Otto. Flowering Tobacco. 



Poisonous like the preceding. 



Nicotiana glauca R. Grab. Smooth Tobacco. 



An escape from cultivation in California. According to Dr. G. Burtt 

 Davy poisonous. 



Hyoscyamus niger L. Black Henbane. 



Probably occasionally found in Iowa, Utah, Mont., Atlantic States. Known 

 to be poisonous to stock and also to hogs. Universally recognized as a poison- 

 ous plant in Europe and this country. Probably one of the most deadly poison- 

 ous plants in the United States. Seeds are poisonous to chickens. Contains 

 the alkaloid hyoscyamin. 



Datura Stramonium L. Jimson-weed. 



Naturalized in various parts of the U. S. All parts of the plant are 

 narcotic and poisonous, especially the seed. Several cases of poisoning in child- 

 ren are reported in Iowa. The plant produces a very disagreeable odor, and the 

 hay containing the plant is poisonous to cattle. It contains the alkaloid, atropin, 

 and hyoscyamin. 



Datura Tatula L. Purple Jimson-weed. 



Poisonous like the preceding, and the following species. Naturalized in 

 U. S. 



Datura Wrightii, DC. Wright's Datura. 



Frequently cultivated as an ornamental plant and known to be poisonous. 

 The nectar from the flowers which is produced in great abundance is known 

 to produce poisoning in children in this country. 



Datura alba Nees. Thorn Apple. 



Cultivated. Plant said to have been much used in India for criminal 

 purposes. Very toxic. 



Capsicum annuum L. Red or Cayenne Peppers. 



Well known remedy used as a stimulating plaster externally; if the pepper 

 is applied long enough it produces vesicles. Red pepper is often injurious 

 when taken in too large doses internally. The active poison is capsicol with a 

 strong odor and burning taste. 



Capsicum frutescens L. Shrubby Pepper. 



Southwestern United States, said to be poisonous. The fruit has a sharp 

 pungent taste. 



Lycium halimifolium Mill. Matrimony Vine. 



Cultivated and commonly naturalized. Somewhat spiny thorns. Said to be 

 poisonous. 



