184 MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS 



this kind of infection and it is a well-known fact that certain fields are the 

 source of infection. Dr. McFarland says: 



When inhaled, the organisms enter the deeper portions of the lung and cause a 

 suppurative broncho-pneumonia with adhesive inflammation of the contiguous pleura. After 

 the formation of the pleuritic adhesions the disease may penetrate the newly formed tissue, 

 extending to the chestwall, and ultimately form external sinuses; or, it may penetrate the 

 diaphragm and invade the abdominal organs, causing interesting and characteristic lesions 

 in the liver and other large viscera. 



Another allied disease is the Mycetoma, or Madura-foot (Cladrothix ma- 

 dureae), which is found in India, especially in the province of Scinde, but 

 occurs also in other parts of Asia, in Europe and northern Africa, and a few 

 cases have even been reported in North America. 



Another Cladrothrix farcinica, found in Guadaloupe country, is character- 

 ized by a superficial lymphangitis and lymphadenitis extending to the tracheal 

 and axillary glands. The glands enlarge, suppurate, and discharge a pus. 

 The internal organs have a pseudo-tubercular appearance. 



The organism consists of long delicate filaments, characterized by distinct 

 branching; the old cultures are rich in spores. The organism has been culti- 

 vated in the usual media. 



It is pathogenic for guinea pigs, cattle and sheep. The culture is virulent 

 for some time. 



The papers by Nocard on the farcinica organism and a paper by Musgrove, 

 Clegg and Polk on streptothrix should be consulted. 



SCHIZOPHYCEAE 



Unicellular organisms common in fresh and salt water. They contain blue, 

 blue-green, violet, or reddish pigments; swarm spores absent; are common in 

 fresh and salt water ; simple in structure ; existing as a single cell or as a 

 chain held together by a gelatinous envelope, or in small colonies ; chlorophyll 

 and other pigments not in definite bodies but distributed throughout the cell- 

 contents or else forming a sheath which lines the cell-wall ; reproduction occurs 

 by simple division ; some forms produce spores which are thick walled thus 

 enabling the organism to live over unfavorable conditions; after a period of 

 rest these spores germinate and again reproduce in the vegetative way by 

 fission or division. Some of the more common, more or less injurious types 

 found in water are Osciilatoria, Anabaena, Clathrocystis and Nostoc. Cells 

 contain phycocyanin and chlorophyll, the latter not visible because of the former. 



CHROOCCACEAE 



Cells spherical, singly or collected in colonies surrounded by a copious cov- 

 ering of mucilage forming gelatinous colonies of various sizes. The genus 

 Merismopedia consists of flat rectangular colonies. Cell-division occurs in two 

 directions. The genus Gleocapsa has spherical cells united into colonies, the 

 cell with a thick colorless, brown yellow or violet coat. Some of the species 

 are common in fresh water. 



Clathrocystis. Henfrey 



This alga occurs in colonies which are at first solid, but later become perfor- 

 ated. The colonies are held together by a gelatinous matrix. The cell contents 

 are blue green, or rose-purple in color. The species most commonly found is 

 the C. aeruginosa, occurring not only in Europe, but very widely scattered in 



