EMBRYOPHYTA BRYOPHYTA 



a 



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Fig. 116a. A. Common Polypody (Polypodium vulgare). rh. Rhizome. s. Stipe. 

 /. Frond, r. Rachis. a. Part of frond with sori. c. Sporangium, d. Spores. B. Moss 

 (Mnium hormum). a. Inner peristome. b. Outer peristome, two teeth. C. Juniper Moss 

 (Polytrichum commune), rh. Rhizoid. s. Seta or stalk, c. Calyptra or cap. o. Operculum. 

 D. Common liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha). s. Spores, e. Elater. E. Same as D 

 thalloid body with female fruiting body and cupules. F. Same more magnified, r. Rays 

 with the spore cases containing the spores and elaters. p. Perigynium, to the left and right 

 archegonia, different stages. G. Prothallus of fern with archegonia, b. and antheridia, a. 

 H. Fern prothallus with young fern and root at r. I. Protonema of Moss (Funaria; 

 hygrometrica). r. Rhizoids. b. Buds. s. Spores. 



