336 



MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS 



Fig. 136. Arrowhead (Sagittaria En&elmanniana). Com- 

 mon in low grounds. Some species supposed to be poisonous. 

 (After Miss G. E. Johnson, Rep. Mo. Bot. Garden). 



GLUMIFLORAE 



Endogenous plants mostly herbaceous; stems (culms) narrow or without 

 leaves; leaves usually narrow and elongated; entire or serrulate; flowers small, 

 generally perfect, in the axils of dry chaffy scales, called glumes; arranged in 

 spikes or in panicles consisting of spikelets.. 2 families, Gramineae and Cyper- 

 aceae. 



Fruit a caryopsis 1 Gramineae 



Fruit an achene 2 Cyperaceae 



I. GRAMINEAE. Grass Family 



Fibrous-rooted annuals or perennials, rarely woody, generally with hollow 

 stems; alternate 2-ranked leaves, sheaths split or open on the side opposite the 

 blade; flowers consisting of 2-ranked glumes, forming a 1 -many-flowered 

 spikelet; flowering glumes enclosing a small bract called the palet; stamens 

 1-6, usually 3; anthers versatile, 2-celled, stigma hairy. 





