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door to a prophet and have a prophet's imagination to 

 enable him to figure to himself the size to which they will 

 grow in five or six years' time. The best check to a nig- 

 gardly appropriation of space is to keep in mind that what- 

 ever interval you allow, the foliage-head of two adjoining 

 trees must necessarily go halves in it ; and what is true of 

 the branching head is equally true of the branching roots, 

 which just as certainly share the feeding-ground between 

 them. The smallest distance which can be allowed between 

 tree and tree is 20 feet apart. Set squarely, this will givo 

 109 trees to a square of exactly one acre, and is the smallest 

 allotment that can be allowed for standard trees if they are 

 to do any good. The more liberal allotment of 22 feet 

 apart, giving 90 per square acre will probably pay better 

 in the long run. In other countries the result of ex- 

 perience is all on the side of generous allotment of space, 

 and new orchards are being set out with wider distances 

 year by year. For dwarf trees, such as are decidedly best 

 fitted to withstand the violent winds of this country, and 

 which require much less screening-shelter, a distance of 18 

 feet apart will be found sufficient. It gives 134 trees to 

 the aforesaid square of one acre. If you skimp the dis- 

 tance and think to advantage yourself by putting such 

 trees 14 feet apart with a total of 222, or 10 feet apart 

 with 435 to the square, you will find yourself puzzled to 

 get your plough or even your cultivator to turn between 

 them when you are working the tilth to eradicate 

 weeds. Therefore hold fast to the minimum of 18 feet 

 apart even for dwarfs. In laying out these distances along 

 the parallel lines that you have set out with your sighting- 

 sticks, be sure to arrange so that the rows shall, as it 

 were, break joint; any one tree of a row being opposite to 

 a blank space in the next row. The device is of universal use 

 in vineyards. The underground feeding space of the roots 

 is thereby more evenly divided, and the effect of high wind 

 very much diminished, because there is so much less 

 opportunity for the wind, as the foresters say, " getting 

 into the wood." If the boundaries of your ground are 

 already laid out and incapable of alteration, you will have 

 to be content with thus much done in foresight of danger 

 from the wind. You can do no more except you plant a 



