GAN 



174 



GAS 



from Gr. graino, I eat or gnaw), 

 a condition of some soft part of a 

 living body causing mortification 

 and death of the part : gan- 

 grenous, a., gang'gren-us, show- 

 ing a tendency to gangrene ; 

 having the character of gangrene: 

 gangrena senilis, gang-gren'-d 

 s&i'ittis (L. senilis, aged, senile), 

 the gangrene which occurs in 

 aged people from imperfect nutri- 

 tion of a part, due to a diseased 

 condition of the supplying blood- 

 vessels. 



ganoid, a., gan'-oyd (Gr. ganos, 

 splendour; eidos, resemblance), 

 applied to an Order of fishes, 

 living and extinct, having angular 

 scales, composed of horny or 

 bony plates covered with a shining 

 enamel : Ganoidei, n. plu., gdn- 

 dyd'-e-i, an Order of fishes. 



gapes, n. plu., gdpz (AS. geap, 

 wide ; AS. geapan, Icel. gapa, to 

 gape ; Gael, gab, a mouth), a 

 fatal disease among poultry 

 and birds, in which they open 

 their mouths wide and gasp for 

 breath, caused by the presence 

 of the parasite sclerostoma syn- 

 gamus in large numbers in the 

 trachea, or partially developed in 

 the lungs. 



Garcinia, n., gdr-sin'i-a (in 

 honour of Dr. Laurent Garcin, 

 a traveller), a valuable genus of 

 fruit-bearing trees, Ord. Guttif- 

 erse or Clusiacese : Garcinia 

 morella or pedicellata, mdr-el'ld 

 or ped'-i'Sel-ldt'-a (It. morello, 

 dark, blackish ; F. morelle, the 

 night - shade ; L. p%dicellus, 

 a foot - stalk), a dioecious tree, 

 with laurel - like foliage and 

 small yellow flowers, found in 

 CUmboja, Siam, etc., produces 

 gamboge: G. pictoria, pik-tor'-i-a 

 (L. pictorms, pictorial from 

 pictor, a painter); and G. Travan- 

 corica, trdv'dn-kor'tk-a (from 

 Travancore, India), also furnish 

 gamboge, which in commerce is 

 received in the form of pipe, roll, 



lump, or cake gamboge : G. 

 elliptica,e/-Z^^-a (L. elliptfaus, 

 oval from ellipsis, an oval), a 

 species producing a kind of 

 gamboge, called 'coorg': G. man- 

 gostana, man'- g 8s -tan'- a (Malay 

 mangusta), a tree which bears the 

 mangosteen, an E. Indian fruit, 

 one of the finest known, re- 

 sembling a middle-sized orange, 

 filled with a sweet and highly- 

 flavoured pulp. 



Gardenia, n., gdr-den'i-d (after 

 Dr. Garden of Charleston, 

 America), a splendid genus of 

 plants, producing sweet-scented 

 flowers of various colours, Ord. 

 Eubiacese. 



gargle, n., gdrg'l (F. gargouiller, 

 to gargle, a word imitative of 

 the sound produced ; gargareon, 

 the throat), a liquid medicinal 

 preparation, used for washing the 

 mouth and throat : v. , to wash the 

 mouth and throat by gargling the 

 liquid up and down in them. 



Garryaceae, n. plu., gar'-ri-a's&e 

 (after Nicholas Garry, of Hudson's 

 Bay Company), a small Order, or 

 rather Sub-order, of shrubs, with 

 opposite leaves and pendulous 

 amentaceous racemes of flowers, 

 included in the Ord. Cornacese : 

 Garrya, n., gdr f -ri-d, a genus of 

 ornamental shrubs, similar in ap- 

 pearance to Viburnum, and a 

 great botanical curiosity: Garrya 

 elliptica, el'lip r >tik-d(Lt. ellipticus, 

 oval from ellipsis, an oval), 

 a species which has unisexual 

 flowers, and is prized for its 

 peculiar silky catkins. 



Gasteromycetes, n., gast'-er-o-mi- 

 set'-ez (Gr. gaster, the belly ; 

 mulces, a fungus), a division of 

 the Fungi in which the hymenium 

 is enclosed in a membrane, the 

 spores being scattered over it in 

 sets of four, as seen in puff-balls. 



Gasteropoda, n. plu., gast'-er-tip'- 

 dd-d (Gr. gaster, the belly ; podes, 

 feet), an Order of molluscous 

 animals which have their feet 



