GUM 



186 



GYM 



gum, n., gtim (L. gummi, F. 

 gomme, gum), a vegetable mucil- 

 age found thickened on the sur- 

 face of certain trees : gum-resin, 

 an exudation from certain trees 

 and shrubs partaking of the 

 nature of a gum and a resin : gum- 

 arabic, a gum procured from 

 several species of acacia in Africa 

 and S. Asia : gum-lac, a resinous 

 substance exuded from the bodies 

 of certain insects, chiefly found 

 upon the banyan tree. 



gumma, n., gumf-md, gummata, 

 n. plu., gumf-mat-d (L. gummi, 

 gum ; gummdtus, containing 

 gum, gummy), a species of new 

 growths produced in various 

 organs of the body, arising from 

 constitutional syphilis ; also 

 called ' syphiloma. ' 



gustatory, a., gust'dt-er-t (L. 

 gustus, taste, flavour), pert, to 

 the taste ; applied to a nerve of 

 the sense of taste which supplies 

 the papillae and mucous membrane 

 of the tongue. 



gutta percha, n, gut'td per'-tsha 

 (Malay, ragged gum), a kind of 

 caoutchouc which softens at a 

 moderate temperature, used for 

 soles of shoes, straps, and 

 numerous articles of domestic 

 use, the produce of Isonandria 

 gutta, Ord. Sapotacese, obtained 

 from Borneo and Singapore* 



XOTE. Said also to be from the name 

 of the tree, or the name of the island 

 from which first imported, viz. Pulo- 

 Percha. 



Guttiferae, n. plu., gut-tif-er-e (L. 

 gutta, a drop ; fero, I bear), the 

 Gamboge family, an Order of 

 beautiful trees and shrubs yield- 

 ing a resinous juice of a yellow 

 colour, acrid and purgative ; 

 Order also named Clusiacese : gut- 

 tiferous, a., gut-tif'er-us, yielding 

 gum or resinous substances. 



guttulate, a., gut'-tul-at (L. gut- 

 tula, a little drop), in bot. , in the 

 form of small drops; composed 

 of small round vesicles. 



guttural, a., gut'ter-al (L. guttur, 

 the throat), formed in the throat 

 pert, to the throat. 



gymnaxony, n., jim-ndJcs'-Sn-i (Gr. 

 gumnos, naked ; axon, an axle- 

 tree), in bot., a state in which 

 the placenta protrudes through 

 the ovary and alters its position. 



gymnoblastic, a., jim'-no-blast'-ik 

 (Gr. gumnos, naked; blastos, a 

 bud), applied to the Hydrozoa in 

 which the nutritive and repro- 

 ductive buds are not protected by 

 horny receptacles. 



gymnocarpous, v,jlm'n8-1carp'&& 

 (Gr, gumnos, naked ; karpos, 

 fruit), in bot.> applied to naked 

 fruit, that is, fruit having no 

 pubescence or floral envelope 

 around it ; applied to lichens 

 having fructifications in the form 

 of a scutellate, cup-shaped, or 

 linear thallus. 



gymnogen, n., jim'-nti-jtin (Gr. 

 gumnos, naked ; gennao, I pro- 

 duce), a plant with naked seeds, 

 that is, seeds which are not en- 

 closed in an ovary; a gymno- 

 spermous plant. 



Gymnolaemata, n. plu., jim'-no- 

 lemf'dt'd (Gr. gumnos, naked; 

 laimos, the neck or throat), an 

 Order of the Polyzoa, having the 

 mouth devoid of the valvular 

 structure known as the epistome. 



Gymnophiona, n. plu., jim-nqf' 

 i-on'-a (Gr. gumnos, naked ; ophis, 

 a serpent, ophws> of a serpent), 

 the Order of the Amphibia com- 

 prising the snake-like Ctecilise. 



Gymnosomata, n; phi*, jlmf-no- 

 s8m f >dt-d (Gr. gumnos, naked ; 

 soma, a body, somdtos, of a 

 body), the Order of Pteropoda 

 which have not the body pro- 

 tected by a shell. 



gymnospermous, a. , jim'no-sperm'- 

 us (Gr. gumnos, naked; sperma, 

 seed), having naked seeds, or 

 seeds not enclosed in a true ovary, 

 as Conifers: gymnospermsB, n. 

 Tp\\L.,j%m'nd'Spdrm''e, alsogymno- 

 sperms, n. plu., -spermz, mono- 



