PAN 



302 



PAP 



term to designate a disease spread 

 over a whole continent, or several 

 contiguous countries, such as 

 cholera or influenza. 



panduriform, a., ptin-dur'-i-form 

 (Gr. pandoura, L. pandura, a 

 musical instrument with three 

 strings ; L. forma, shape), in 

 bot., applied to the leaves of 

 plants shaped like a fiddle. 



panicle, n., pan'-i-kl (L. panicula, 

 a tuft on plants), in plants, a 

 tuft or bunch of flowers or seeds, 

 dense and close as in Indian corn, 

 spreading or scattered as in oats, 

 and in other forms ; the down 

 on reeds : paniculate, a., pan- 

 Ikf'Ul-at, having the flowers in 

 panicles ; having branches vari- 

 ously subdivided. 



Panicum, n. , pan'-ilc-Um (L. panis, 

 bread), a useful genus of grasses, 

 Ord. Graminese : Panicum milia- 

 ceum, mtt'i'd'se-um (L. milid- 

 c$us, of or pert, to millet from 

 milium, millet), millet, frequently 

 sown for feeding poultry, and 

 used as a substitute for rice : P. 

 arborescens, dr'bdr-es'&nz (L. 

 arborescens, growing into a tree 

 from arbor, a tree), a species 

 whose culm is little thicker than 

 a goose's quill, and which yet 

 attains the height of the loftiest 

 forest tree. 



panification, n., pan'-lf-ik-af-shun 

 (L. pdnis, bread ; facio, I make), 

 the changes by which the dough 

 is converted into bread. 



panniculus adiposus, pan-ik'-ul-us 

 ad f 'ip'Oz'm (L. panniculus, a flap 

 or piece of cloth, a rag; adiposus, 

 fatty from adeps, fat), the 

 adipose tissue, forming a consider- 

 able layer underneath the skin, 

 together with the sub-cutaneous 

 areolar tissue : panniculus car- 

 nosus, kdr-noz f -us (L. carnosus, 

 fleshy from caro, flesh), a fleshy 

 covering ; superficial muscle, or 

 muscular bands, investing the 

 greater part of the bodies of 

 quadrupeds. 



panspermism, n., pan-sperm'-izm 

 (Gr. pan, all ; sperma, seed), in 

 bot., the universal diffusion of 

 germs throughout the atmos- 

 phere. 



Papaveraceae, n. plu., pap-av'-Zr* 

 d'se-e (L. pdpdver, the poppy, 

 papdvZris, of the poppy), the 

 Poppy family, an Order of plants 

 possessing well-marked narcotic 

 properties : Papaver, n., pap-dv'- 

 er, a genus of plants : Papaver 

 somniferum, sdm-mf-er-um (L. 

 somnifer, sleep - bringin g from 

 somnus, sleep ; fero, I bring), a 

 species, and its varieties, which 

 produce opium, a concrete milky 

 juice procured from its nearly 

 ripe capsules the most import- 

 ant active principle in opium is 

 the alkaloid called * morphia ' ; 

 other crystalline principles found 

 in it are 'codeia,' 'narcotine,' 

 'thebaia,' and 'meconine,' etc. : 

 P. rhoeas, re'-as (Gr. rhed, I flow, 

 referring to its juice flowing from 

 incisions), the red corn poppy or 

 corn rose, whose petals are used 

 in pharmacy, chiefly for their 

 col curing matter : papaveraceous, 

 a., pap-av'&r'd'shus, resembling 

 the poppy or pert, to it : papav- 

 erous, a., pap-av'-er-us, having 

 the nature or qualities of the 

 poppy. 



Papayacese, n. plu., pdp^a-yd^se-e 

 (said to be from Malay papaya), 

 the Papaw family, an Order of 

 plants : Papaw tree, or ' Carica 

 Papaya,' yields an acrid milky 

 juice, and an edible fruit. 



Papilionaceas, n. plu., pap-il'-t- 

 dn-d'se-e (L. pdpilid, a butterfly, 

 pdpilwnis, of a butterfly), a Sub- 

 order of the Order Leguminosse, 

 whose species have frequently 

 beautiful showy flowers : papili- 

 onaceous, a., pap-il'-i-tin-d'shus, 

 resembling a butterfly ; applied 

 to plants, as the pea, from the 

 butterfly shape of their flowers. 



papilla, n., pap-il'>ld, papillae, n. 

 plu., pdp4L f 'le (L. papilla, a 



