PHL 



318 



PHO 



phlceum, n.,fle'um, also phloem, 

 n.,/em (Gr. phlows, the bark of 

 a tree), in lot., the cellular 

 portion of the bark, found immed- 

 iately beneath the epidermis ; 

 the least portion of a fibro-vasc- 

 ular bundle, consisting at first 

 of succulent thin- walled cells. 



phlogiston, n., flodj-ist f -6n (Gr. 

 phlogistos, burnt, set on fire from 

 phlego, I burn), according to the 

 theory of Stahl, a supposed prin- 

 ciple or pure fire fixed in inflam- 

 mable bodies, as distinguished 

 from fire of combustion : phlog- 

 istic, a. , fltidj'tetf'ik, partaking of 

 phlogiston ; inflammatory. 



phlorizin, n., flor'-iZ'in (Gr. 

 phloios, bark ; rhiza, a root), a 

 white crystalline substance ob- 

 tained from the bark of the roots 

 of apple, pear, cherry, and plum 

 trees, giving to the bark its 

 bitter astringency: phloretin, n., 

 flor'-et-ln, a substance procured 

 from phlorizin by dilute acids : 

 phlorizein, n., fltir'-iz-e'-tn, a 

 gum - like substance obtained 

 from it by the action of oxygen 

 and ammonia. 



Phlox, n.,floks, Phloxes, n. plu., 

 floks'iz (Gr. phlox, a flame), an 

 extensive genus of elegant, 

 favourite plants, Ord. Polemoni- 

 aceae, so named from the appear- 

 ance of the flowers, presenting 

 lively red, purple, or white 

 colours. 



phlyctaena, n., fliTc-ten^a (Gr. 

 phluktaina, a vesicle), a small 

 vesicle, containing a serous 

 fluid : phly ctenoid, a., folk-ten'- 

 oyd (Gr. eidos, resemblance), 

 bearing a resemblance to phlyc- 

 taena. 



Phoenix, ii.,fen'iks (Gr. phoinix, 

 a palm tree), a genus of noble 

 palm trees, Ord. Palmes, which 

 includes the date : Phoenix dact- 

 ylifera, dakt^ilif-er-d (Gr. dakt- 

 ulos, a finger ; L. fero, I bear), a 

 lofty -growing palm of Arabia 

 and Upper Egypt, having leaves 



from six to eight feet long, from 

 which many articles of domestic 

 use are procured, as food, cloth- 

 ing, house-building, fibres and 

 thread, ropes, and juice as wine : 

 P. farinifera, fdr^m-if-er-d (L. 



farina, meal ; fero, I bear), a 

 species which contains a farinace- 

 ous, nutritive substance in the 

 heart of the stem : P. sylvestris, 

 sil'Vest'-ris (L. silv'estris, woody 

 from silva, a wood), produces 

 the date sugar of Bengal. 



phoranthium, n., fdr-anth'-i-um 

 (Gr, phor$6, I bear ; anthos, a 

 flower), in bot. , the receptacle of 

 composite plants. 



Phormium, n., formf-i-Um (Gr. 

 phormds, a basket), a genus of 

 very useful plants of New 

 Zealand, etc., Ord. Liliacese, so 

 named from the use made of it 

 by the natives : Phormium tenax, 

 ten'aks (L. tenax, holding fast, 

 tenacious), the New Zealand flax, 

 from which fibres are procured. 



phosphate, n., f8s'-fat (Gr. phos, 

 light ; phoreo, I bear), a combina- 

 tion of phosphoric acid with a 

 base : phosphatic, a., fos-fdtfik, 

 pert, to phosphate : phosphide, 

 n - ftitfffd t a combination of 

 phosphorus with a metal. 



phosphorus, n., fos'-for'&s (Gr. 

 phosphoros, light-bringer from 

 phos, light ; phoreo, I bear), an 

 elementary substance of a wax- 

 like consistency, highly inflam- 

 mable, always luminous in the 

 dark in its ordinary state, obtained 

 from bones : phosphorescence, 

 n., ftis'-fdr-Vs'-fas, the state of 

 being luminous without sensible 

 heat : phosphoric acid, an acid 

 prepared from phosphorus by 

 oxidation by means of nitric acid. 



phosphuret, n., f6s'-fur>%t (Eng. 

 phosphorus; L. uro, I burn), a 

 combination of phosphorus with 

 a combustible body, or a metallic 

 oxide : phosphuretted, a., fds'* 

 fur-Zt'-Zd, combined with phos- 

 phorus. 



