FIN 



324 



PIP 



to the midrib in a pinnate 

 manner. 



Pinnigrada, n. plu. , pm'ni'grdd'a 

 (L. pinna , a feather; gradior, I 

 walk), the group of Carnivora, 

 comprising the Seals and Wal- 

 ruses, adapted for aquatic life, 

 and so named from the use of 

 their fins or flaps for locomotion. 

 pinnules, n. plu., ptn'-nufa, also 

 pinnulse, n. plu., pin'-nul-e (L. 

 pinnula, a little fin or feather), 

 in bot., the small pinnae of a 

 bipinnate or tripinnate leaf; the 

 secondary divisions of a pinnate 

 leaf ; in zool. , the lateral processes 

 of the arms of Crinoids. 

 Pinus, n., pin'-tis (Gr. pinos, L. 

 pinus, a pine tree), a genus of 

 important trees, Ord. Coniferae, 

 which yield valuable products 

 besides their timber, as turpentine, 

 resin, tar, and pitch : Pinus syl- 

 vestris, sll'vest'ris (L. sttv&stris, 

 woody from silva, a wood), the 

 Scotch fir, which yields common 

 turpentine ; essence of spruce, 

 used in making spruce-beer, is 

 obtained by boiling the leaves in 

 water ; the Norwegians prepare 

 bark-bread from the inner bark: P. 

 pinaster, pm-ast'-er (L. pinaster, 

 a wild pine), the Cluster pine : 

 P. maritima, mdr-U^m-d (L. 

 mdrUimus, belonging to the sea 

 from mare, the sea), the Bour- 

 deaux pine : P. palustris, pal-ust'- 

 ris (L. paluster, marshy from 

 palus, a marsh), the Swamp pine : 

 P. tseda, ted', a (L. tceda, the 

 pitch - pine tree), the Loblolly 

 or Frankincense pine ; the two 

 preceding yield the Thus or 

 Common Frankincense : P. pum- 

 ilio, pum-il'i-o (L. pumilio, a 

 dwarf, a pigmy), yields Hungarian 

 balsam : P. pinea, pin'-fra, (L. 

 pinZus, of the pine from pinus, 

 a pine), the Stone pine, the source 

 of Carpathian balsam. 

 Piperacese, n. plu., pip'-Zr-d'-sfre 

 (L. piper, pepper, piperis, of 

 pepper), the Pepper family, an 



Order of plants, natives of the 

 hottest parts of the world, having 

 pungent, acrid, and aromatic 

 properties : Piper, n., pip'er, an 

 interesting genus of plants : 

 Piper officinarum, df-fis'-m dr'um 

 (L. officina, a workshop, officinar- 

 um, of workshops), the Piper of 

 the laboratories ; an Indian 

 creeper, whose dried fruiting 

 spikes constitute long -pepper : 

 P. nigrum, mg'rtim (L. niger, 

 black), an Indian creeper, whose 

 dried unripe fruit or drapes con- 

 stitute black pepper; the ripe 

 fruit, when deprived of its outer 

 fleshy covering, constitutes white 

 pepper ; these peppers, hot 

 aromatic condiments, are used 

 medicinally as tonic, stimulant, 

 febrifuge, and stomachic : P. 

 cubeba, kub-eb'-a (Ar. cubabafi], 

 an Indian and Javan climbing 

 plant, the cubeb pepper, used 

 extensively in arresting discharges 

 from mucous membranes : P. 

 clusii, Icluz'-i'i (after (7. Glusius, 

 a botanist), a species which yields 

 the African cubebs, "W. African 

 black pepper : P. angustifolium, 

 ang-gust'-l-fol'-i-um (L. angustus, 

 narrow ; folium, a leaf), a shrub 

 growing in the moist woods of 

 Bolivia, Peru, etc., whose leaves 

 and unripe fruit are called Matico, 

 possesses aromatic, fragrant, and 

 astringent qualities, and the 

 property of checking haemorrhage : 

 P. lancesefolium, lans'-e-e-fol'l- 

 Urn (L. lancea, a lance ; folium, 

 a leaf), also yields Matico: P. 

 methysticum, meth-ist'ik'um (Gr. 

 metliustiJcos, intoxicating from 

 methu, wine), the plant from 

 which the intoxicating liquor 

 ' Ava,' 'Cava,' or 'Kava,' is pre- 

 pared by fermentation, much 

 used by S. Sea islanders, and 

 peculiar to them ; also used as a 

 remedy for syphilis : piperin, 

 n., plp'-ernn, a white crystal- 

 lisable substance extracted from 

 black pepper. 



