PYR 



348 



QUA 



lignum, wood), applied to wood 

 vinegar, and to crude acetic 

 acid: pyrolignite, n., ptr'.d-lig' 

 nit, a salt of pyroligneous 

 acid. 



pyrosis, n., pir-oz'is (Gr. purosis, 

 a burning from pur, fire), a 

 disease of the stomach, charac- 

 terised by pain, with a copious 

 eructation of a watery, and often 

 acrid, fluid, known as 'water- 

 brash' ; gastralgia, pain in the 

 stomach, is employed to designate 

 'heartburn/ and pyrosis, the 

 ' acid eructations ' which com- 

 monly accompany it. 



pyroxylin, n., pir>8ks'>il-in, also 

 pyroxyle, n., pir-8ks'-il (Gr. pur, 

 fire ; xulon, wood), gun-cotton ; 

 any explosive substance obtained 

 by steeping a vegetable fibre in 

 nitric or nitro-sulphuric acid, and 

 afterwards carefully washing it 

 among pure water, and drying 

 it: pyroxylip, a., ptrttiks.Mtk, 

 applied to a product of the 

 destructive distillation of wood, 

 as wood-naphtha. 



Pyrrhosa, n., pir-roz'a (Gr. pur- 

 rhos, red, fiery), a genus of 

 plants, Ord. Myristicaceae : Pyr- 

 rhosa tingens, tmj'Znz (L. ting- 

 ens, dyeing), a species which 

 furnishes a red pigment. 



Pymlaria, n., pir'-ul-dr'-t-a (un- 

 ascertained), a genus of plants, 

 Ord. Santalacese : Pymlaria ole- 

 ifera, oV-e-if^r-d (L. oleum, oil ; 



fero, I produce), Buffalo tree or 

 oil nut, whose large seeds yield a 

 fixed oil. 



Pyrus, n., plr'-us (L. pyrum, a 

 pear ; pyrus, a pear tree), a 

 genus of plants, Ord. Rosacese, 

 Sub-ord. Pomese : Pyrus malus, 

 mdl'iis (L. malus, an apple tree), 

 the native species of the Apple, 

 from which the cultivated species 

 have been derived by grafting: P. 

 communis, lc$m>mun f -is (L. ctim- 

 munis, common), the native 

 species of the Pear : P. Cydonia, 

 sid'dn'-i'a (from being a native of 



Kydon, in the island of Crete), 

 the Quince, also called ' Cydonia 

 vulgaris ' : P. sorbus, sftrb'us 

 (L. sorbus, the sorb or service 

 tree), the Service tree : P. aria, 

 dr-i'-a (Gr. derios, lofty), the 

 White Bean tree : P. aucu- 

 paria, dwk'u'pdr'-i>d (L. aucu- 

 pdrius, having the power to 

 catch birds from aucupor, I go 

 a bird - catching from avis, a 

 bird ; capio, I take), the Moun- 

 tain Ash or Rowan, from whose 

 fruit a jelly is made. 

 pyxidium, n., piks-id'-i-tim (L. 

 pyxis, Gr. puxis, a box), in bot., 

 a fruit dividing into an upper 

 and lower half, the former acting 

 as a kind of lid. 



quadratus, n., Jcwdd-rdt^us (L. 

 quadratics, squared), the name 

 of several muscles, so called from 

 their square or oblong shape : 

 quadratus femoris, fZm'-or-is 

 (L. femur, the thigh ; femoris, 

 of a thigh), a muscle at the 

 upper part of the thigh, which 

 moves the thigh backwards: 

 q. lumber um, lum-bdr'-um 

 (L. lumborum, of the loins 

 or haunch from lumbus, the 

 loins or haunch), a muscle con- 

 nected with the haunch bone, 

 and inserted into the last rib, 

 which inclines the loins on one 

 side : q. menti, ment'-i(L. mentum, 

 the chin, menti, of the chin), 

 a muscle which depresses the 

 lower lip. 



quadriceps, n., kwo'd'rt'Seps (L. 

 quadriceps, having four heads 

 or tops from quatuor, four ; 

 and caput, the head), a collective 

 designation for four muscles of 

 the thigh, so named from their 

 similarity of action, they are, 

 the rectus femoris, the vastus 

 externus, the vastus internus, and 

 the crurceus. 



quadrifarious, a. , 'kwod'-ri-fdr^i-us 

 (L. quadrifarius, fourfold from 

 quatuor, four), in bot., in four 



