GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 245 



Prestwich's recent discovery of some patches of boulder-clay on the 

 highland of Gower, and in Ithos Sili Bay. 



We have not space for the details, but quote the author's conclu- 

 sions : — 



General remarks on the distribution of the mammalian remains in 

 the different caverns were offered, and the special anomalies pointed 

 out ; and, after a comparative review of the fauna of the Gower 

 bone-caves in relation with that of other cave districts of England 

 in particular, and of Europe in general, the author arrived at the 

 following conclusions as being consistent with the existing state of 

 our knowledge : — 



1. That the Gower Caves have probably been filled up with their mammalian, 

 remains since the deposition of the Boulder-clay. 



2. That there are no mammalian remains found elsewhere in the ossiferous 

 caves in England and Wales referable to a fauna of a more ancient geological date. 



3. That Elephas (Loxodon) meridionalis and Rhinoceros Etruscus, which occur 

 in, and are characteristic of, the " Submarine Forest-bed" that immediately 

 underlies the Boulder-clay on the Norfolk coast, have nowhere been met with iii 

 the British caverns. 



4. That Elephas antiquus with Rhinoceros hemitcechus, and E. primigenius with 

 Eh. tichorhinus, though respectively characterizing the earlier and later portions 

 of one period, were probably contemporary animals ; and that they certainly 

 were companions of the Cave-Bears, Cave-Lions, Cave-Hyamas, &c, and of some 

 at least of the existing mammalia. 



BONE CAVES IN SICILY. 



There has been read to the Geological Society, a " Notice of the 

 Discovery of two Bone Caves in Northern Sicily," byEaronAnca 

 de Mangalaviti, in a letter to Dr. Falconer. 



One of the caves discovered by Baron Anca is at Monte Gallo, at 

 the western extremity of the Bay of Palermo, the other near the 

 village of Acque Dolci, at the foot of Monte San Fratello. These 

 caves, especially the last, are very rich in bones, and contain large 

 quantities of remains of carnivora, including jaw-bones with molars 

 and canines. Bones belonging to animals of the following genera 

 have been met with : — Uijipopotamus, Elephas, Equus, Bos, Cervus, 

 Canis, Ursus, Ilycvna, Felis, and some smaller carnivores. 

 *'-i In these caves Baron Anca has found' also a large quantity of 

 flint implements, but only where remains of Cervus are abundant. 

 Coprolites, also, both of carnivores and herbivores, were met 

 with. 



The author has also met with teeth of Carnivora in the Grotta 

 dell' Olivella. 



DIAMONDS. 



Mu. W. Pole, F.G.S., has communicated to Macmillan's Maga- 

 zine a paper of a graceful character on Diamonds, illustrating in aii 

 attractive manner the economy and properties of this king of gems. 



Some of the facts in this paper are worthy of quotation, as being 

 little known. 



Diamond cutting, in the present day, is almost exclusively done 

 by Jews at Amsterdam, where large diamond mills have been 



