GLANDERS f/ 



Shortly after the discharge from the nostril takes 

 place, the horse is then affected in the glands of the 

 lower jaw, which swell to a considerable extent, and 

 ultimately atrophy and become attached to the bone. 

 Some considerable time after the discharge has made 

 its appearance, the gluey substance will be seen 

 accompanying the mucous discharge. It is this pus 

 mingling with the other gluey matter which, absorbed 

 by the circulating vessels and carried to the gland, 

 affects it. However, in common catarrh, the glands 

 are sometimes swelled. But in glanders the swelling 

 generally subsides considerably in a short time ; and 

 the glands are not in the centre of the channel, but 

 adhere firmly to the jaw. 



At this stage of the disorder, the mucous mem- 

 brane of the nostril may become dark purple or of a 

 livid colour ; sometimes of a tone intermediate be- 

 tween these two shades. In some instances there is 

 inflammation of those parts, which varies from the 

 common appearance, being of a purple cast, instead 

 of the high red which usually accompanies inflamma- 

 tion. This is followed by the formation of small 

 circular nodules on the lining of the nostrils, and 

 these in a short time ulcerate and discharge pus. 

 When this has taken place, there can no longer exist 

 a doubt that the horse is glandered. Care must be 

 taken not to mistake the lachrymal or tear-duct for an 

 ulcer. This duct opens by a small orifice or hole on 

 the continuation of the common skin of the muzzle, 

 which is situate a little way up the nostril ; while the 

 ulcerated tubercles are placed upon the mucous 

 membrane above the duct, and well marked by a 

 line of separation. 



With the formation of "glanders nodules" the 

 animal is certain to have become constitutionally 



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