WORMS — INTESTINAL PARASITES 619 



vertigo or giddiness, there is strong reason to suspect 

 that worms are the cause, and that they have either 

 become very numerous, or have taken their lodgment 

 in the upper region of the alimentary canal, or in the 

 stomach. In the latter case, the disease is generally 

 attended with sickness, and even violent vomiting. 

 Worms also produce convulsions and death, from the 

 extreme irritation of the stomach and bowels. If the 

 faeces passed by the dog are examined carefully, a 

 portion of the worm may be seen. 



Remedies. — If the dog is infested with tape-worms 

 allow it to fast for twelve hours, and on the empty 

 stomach administer : — 



Oil of the male shield-fern . . 10 to 20 minims, 

 Spirits of turpentine . , . 10 to 20 minims, 

 Spirits of nitric ether . , , 20 to 60 minims. 



This may be repeated, but care should be exercised 

 as to its frequency. A dose of castor oil following 

 a single administration of the above medicine frequently 

 effects an expulsion of tape-worm. 



For round-worms, a combination of oil of the 

 male shield-fern and powdered areca-nut, or santonin, 

 repeated twice a week, and followed by a purgative, 

 may be prescribed with advantage. 



Turpentine is apt to produce an irritation in the 

 neck of the bladder ; and when the animal urinates, 

 if a painful straining is noticed, or the urine is voided 

 frequently, and in small quantities, it will be necessary 

 to give linseed-tea, boiled up with a little butchers' 

 meat, to form a kind of soup, and let the animal drink 

 plentifully of this. When all traces of parts of these 

 worms disappear, it will be necessary to give tonic 

 medicines, so as to strengthen the digestive organs, 

 which will have the effect of preventing more effectually 



