358 HORTICULTURE. 



ting obliquely towards the pith from the upper end of the par- 

 ed part. The scion, f , is cut obliquely to correspond to the 

 part pared, d, and then a tongue made to fit into the slit in 

 the stock. Care should be taken to have the bark of the sci- 

 on exactly fitted to that of the stock, and then the scion may 

 be covered with a cement of rosin, beeswax and tallow, and 

 bound firmly together. The sap will pass up into the scion, 

 and its buds will develope themselves ; the prepared nutri- 

 ment will then descend and cover the wound where they 

 are united. This process is said to be far superior to the 

 process most common with us. 



2. Crown grafting. This process con- 

 sists simply in heading down a stock hori- 

 zontally (Fig. 22), splitting it open in the 

 centre, h, and then cutting one, two or 

 more scions, a, so as to fit in exactly like a 

 wedge ; care being taken to have the bark 

 of the scion and that of the stock exactly co- 

 incide. The whole is then covered with 

 clay, or with the cement above spoken of, and 

 the scion is held in its place by the force 

 of the wood, in the same manner as a wedge. This process 

 often leaves too large a wound, and the parts are not always 

 healed over and made firm. It is, however, the most expedi* 

 tious way, the most simple and generally the most successful. 



3. Saddle grafting. Lindley recommends Mr. Knight's 

 mode of saddle grafting, which, although more tedious, is 

 preferable to either of the preceding modes. It consists in 

 paring the sides of the stalk obliquely into the form of an 

 inverted wedge, and then cutting the scion so as to slip it di- 

 rectly into the stock, the bark of both exactly coinciding. By 

 this mode, the greatest quantity of surface is brought into con- 

 tact, and the sap can pass up and down with the greatest fa- 

 cility. The scion must be kept in its place by a ligature, 

 and the water excluded by cement. As the graft stands 



