PHYSIOLOGY FOR BEGINNERS 



CHAP. PAGE 



9. Structure of the heart The tissues of the heart Contraction 

 of the muscle fibres of the heart A beat of the heart 

 The cardiac impulse Sounds of the heart Rate of the 

 beat Course of the general circulation Observation of 

 the beat of the heart of the frog . . . .78 



10. Structure of blood-vessels Blood pressure The pulse The 



velocity of the blood The valves of veins Regulation of 

 the heart Regulation of the blood-vessels -Lymph 

 Lymphatic vessels Lymphatic glands . . .94 



11. Respiration Arterial and venous blood Diffusion The 



change of arterial blood to venous blood The change of 

 venous blood to arterial blood Changes in the air The 

 upper air passages Structure of the trachea and lungs 

 The natural condition of the lungs The respirator)' 

 movements Action of the diaphragm Movements of 

 the ribs and sternum in inspiration Expiration Quiet 

 respiration Laboured respiration Quantity of air 

 respired Dependence of respiration on the central 

 nervous system Regulation of respiration Asphyxia 

 The loss from the body by the lungs Ventilation . 108 



12. Digestion Food Daily loss Daily supply Mixed diet 



Milk Relative percentage of food-stuffs in certain foods 

 The object of digestion Teeth Mastication and 

 swallowing The lining of the alimentary canal Glands 

 and secretion The salivary glands Action of saliva 

 Ferments Structure of the oesophagus and stomach 

 Composition and action of gastric juice The food in the 

 stomach Structure of the pancreas Composition and 

 action of pancreatic juice Composition of bile Diges- 

 tion in the intestine Digestion of fats Structure of the 

 small intestine Functions of the mucous membrane >f 

 the small intestine Movements of the contents of the 

 intestine Structure of the large intestine Functions of 

 the large intestine . . .128 



13. Structure of the liver Functions of the liver -Structure of 



the spleen Functions of the spleen . .152 



14. Waste and excretion Structure of the kidney Composition 



of urine Excretion of urine . ' 59 



