HYPHOMYCETES. 103 



torn by the expansion of the growing fungus ; so that 

 the peridium is spurious, as belonging to the matrix, 

 and not to the fungus. It may be mentioned here that 

 the so-called species of Uredo are not truly distinct 

 species, but are the forms of species of Puccinia } 

 Phragmidium, &c. ; so that the latter genera have two 

 kinds of fruit, one of which is a Uredo, the other a 

 Puccinia. But I must refer to the Dictionary for 

 further details upon this point. 



HYPHOMYCE'TES (vcfxia), to weave, fjLV/crjs, fungus). 

 In this, the 4th Order of Fungi, are contained many 

 of the commonest moulds which are found growing 

 upon decaying substances, and sometimes upon living 

 plants. The mycelium creeps among the particles of 

 the substance, or the elements of the tissues, upon 

 which the Fungus lives, in the form of slender threads 

 or filaments. The spores, which are either simple or 

 partitioned (septate), and naked, occur either singly or 

 in rows at the ends of fine interwoven cottony threads 

 or floc'ci (floc'cus, a flock of wool), which are generally 

 very evident to the naked eye. The threads support- 

 ing the spores form the ped'icels (pedicel'lus, a little 

 foot). In technical descriptions, these filaments, 

 which are usually composed of cells arranged end to 

 end, are said to be septate (PI. VII. fig. 26), and not 

 jointed, as in the case of the filaments of the Conferva, 

 which are constructed in a similar manner. When 

 not septate, the filaments are said to be continuous. 



STILBA'CEI. To this family belongs Tuberculdria 

 vulgaris (PI. VII. fig. 28), which is found upon decay- 

 ing sticks and branches of trees, especially the lime- 

 tree. It forms little firm red knobs or tubercles, 

 each of which is a receptacle. On making a section 

 of a receptacle (PI. VII. fig. 29), the interior is seen 

 to be paler than the bright red surface, and a short 

 broad stalk comes into view. The receptacle is com- 

 posed of crowded cell-filaments, so short near the base 

 as rather to resemble cellular tissue (fig. 30) ; but 



