160 ELEMENTARY ZOOLOGY 



piece, the pronotnm, on its dorsal aspect, and a blunt- 

 pointed tubercle on the ventral aspect. The foremost 

 pair of legs is attached to the prothorax. The next 

 segment is the me so thorax, which is immovaly fused to 

 the next thoracic segment. What appendages does it 

 bear ? The third segment is the metathorax, which 

 besides being fused with the mesothorax in front, is 

 similarly fused with the foremost abdominal segment 

 behind. What appendages does the metathorax bear ? 



Examine one of the fore legs and note that it is com- 

 posed of a series of unequal parts or segments. The 

 segment nearest the body is sub-globular and is called 

 the coxa; the second segment is smaller than the coxa 

 and is called the trochanter; the third, known as the 

 femur, is the largest of all ; the fourth, tibia, is long and 

 slender; and the next three, the last of which is the 

 terminal one and bears a pair of claws and between them 

 a little pad, the pulvillus, are called the tarsal segments. 

 Most insects have five tarsal segments. Note the great 

 size of the hindmost or leaping legs. Determine the seg- 

 ments of the middle and hindmost legs. Make a draw- 

 ing of a fore leg. 



Examine the wings. In what ways do the front wings 

 differ from the hind wings ? The front wings are known 

 as the wing covers or tegmina. Note how the hind wings 

 fold up like a fan, and are covered and protected by the 

 wing covers. Draw the wings. 



The abdomen is composed of a number of segments 

 most of which resemble each other. The first segment 

 (immediately behind the metathorax) has its dorsal and 

 ventral parts widely separated by the cavities for the in- 

 sertion of the hindmost legs. The ventral part of this 

 segment is dovetailed into the ventral part of the meta- 

 thorax and appears to be part of it. In the dorsal part 

 of this segment there is on each side a spot where the 



