ORDER 1. RAiJUNCULACEJS. 205 



dehiscent, angular, 1-seeded, tipped with the short, hooked style. 



H Lvs. palmately lobed. Fls. eorymbous. 



T. palmata Fisch and Meyer. A coarse plant of the prairies and woods, Ya, to 

 Can., W. to 111. Stem slender, 2 5f high, terete, smooth, terminating in a large 

 branching corymb. Radical Ivs. 4 6' wide by 3 5' long, rugous and reticulate- 

 veined, 59 lobed, long-stalked ; stem Ivs. few, remote, the upper sessile. Fls. 

 many, white. Sepals orbicular, concave, falling as soon as expanding. Jl, Aug. 

 (Cimicifuga, Hook.) 



6. ADONIS, L. PHEASANT'S-ETE. (Feigned to have sprung from 

 the blood of Adonis when wounded by the boar.) Sepals 5, appressed ; 

 petals 5 15, with a naked (scaleless) claw. Achenia spiked, ovate 

 and pointed with the hardened, persistent style. Herbs with dissected 

 Ivs. and terminal, solitary, red or yellow flowers. 



1 A. antumnalis L. Petals 5 8 (crimson), concave and connivent. A fine 

 hardy annual, from Europe, naturalized in some parts of the country. Stem 

 thick, branching, If high. Lvs. pinnalely parted, with numerous linear ^seg- 

 ments. Fls. !' diam. Carpels crowned with a very short style, and collected 

 into an ovate "or Tsub-cylindric head. Seeds to be sown in autumn in a light 

 soil 



2 A. vernalis L. Petals 10 12 (yellow), oblong, spreading. A handsome 

 perennial, from Europe. Stem branching, 1 f. high. Lvs. sessile, multifid. 



7. RANUNCULUS, L. CROWFOOT. BUTTERCUPS. Fig. 24, 241, 

 242, 294, 369, 458,386,415. (Lat. rana, a frog; from the aquatic 

 habitat of some species.) Calyx of 5 ovate sepals ; coiolla of 5 round- 

 ish, shining petals, each with a nectariferous scale (Fig. 294) or pore at 

 the base inside ; filaments GO ; achenia oo, flattened, pointed, crowded 

 in a roundish or oblong head. Herbs, mostly 2, with alternate leaves 

 and yellow flowers. 



Seeds (carpels) rough with points or prickles Nos. 1, 2 



Seeds (carpels) smooth and even, or merely rugous (a). 



a Leaves in fine, numerous, thread-like divisions, under water Nos. 3, 4 



a Leaves all undivided and simple. Stems creeping Nos. 5, 6 



Stems erect Nos. 79 



a Eoot-lvs. simply crenate or lobed, stem leaves divided Nos. 9, 10 



a Leaves all more or less divided, not submersed (b). 



b Sepals spreading in flower, shorter than the showy petals. Nos. 11 14 



b Sepals reflexed in flower. Head of carpels oblong Nos. 15, 10 



Heads of carpels globous '. Nos. 17, IS 



1 R. muricatus L. Glabrous ; carpels aculeate, strongly margined, and ending 

 in a stout, ensiform, recurved leak. Ya. to La. Stem branched, erect, If high. 

 Lvs. roundish (!' diam.), cordate, 3-lobed, lobes coarsely crenate-toothed, all 

 similar, and on petioles 1 5' long. Bracts close to the flower, simple. Fls. 

 small, few. Pet. obovate, yellow. Carpels large (3" long, including beak). 

 Eur. 



2 R. parviflorus L. Villous; carpels roundish, granulated, tipped with a very 

 short beak. Ya. to La. Stem 6 12' high, slender, branched. Lvs. all petiolate, 

 small, roundish (9 16" diam.), cordate, 3-lobed or parted, the segments acutely 

 toothed. Fls. quite small, the yellow petals not exceeding the calyx. Seeds 

 scarcely 1" in length, in a globular head. Eur. 



3 R. aquatilis L. j3 CAPILLACEUS. Lvs. all fiiliformly dissected; pet. white; 

 carpels transversely rugous. Ponds and sluggish streams, Arctic Am. to S. Car.,. 

 "W. to Rocky Mta. The whole plant is submerged except the flowers, and per- 

 haps a few of the upper leaves. Stem 1 2f or more in length, slender, weak, 

 round, smooth, jointed. Leaves divided dichotomously into numerous hair-like 

 segments, in outline roundish and I 1' diam. Ped. thick, 1 1^' Jong. Fls. 

 smaller than in R. acris. Petals rather narrow, white, except the yellow claws.. 

 H-, Aug. 



