222 ORDER 12. PAPAYERACE^E. 



3 S. purpftrea L. SIDE-SADDLE FLOWER. Lvs. short, decumbent, inflated most 

 near the middle ; lamina broad cordate. Bogs throughout Can. and U. S. This 

 species is the most common, and on it the genus was founded. Lvs. 6 9' long, 

 rosulate, evergreen, composed of a hollow, pitcher-form petiole, swelling in the 

 middle, with a wing-like appendage extending the whole length inside, from 

 i i' wide, and extended on the outside of the mouth into a lamina, covered 

 above with reversed hairs. Their capacity when of ordinary size is about a 

 wine glass, and generally, like the other species, they contain water with 

 drowned insects. Scape 14 20' high, terete, smooth, supporting a single, large, 

 purple, nodding flower, almost as curious in structure as the leaves. Jn. 



(3. HETEROPHYLLA Torr. Scape rather shorter; sep. yellowish green; pet. 

 yellow. Northampton, Mass. (R. M. "Wright). Lvs. scarcely different. (S. 

 heterophylla Eaton.) 



4 S. Gronvoii. TRUMPET-LEAF. Lvs. tall, straight, erect, tube gradually enlarged 

 to the open throat, wing narrowly linear, lamina sub-erect, roundish, mucronate, con- 

 tracted at base. Tho largest species of the genus, in swampy pine woods, Va. to 

 Fla. and La. Lvs. often 3f in hight, and the scapes even taller ; the lamina as 

 broad as the open throat (2 3'). Fls. very large (when extended 4 5' 

 diam.) and of exactly the same structure in all the varieties. 



a. FLAVA. Fls. yellow ; foliage yellowish green, with or without purplish veins 

 (S. flava L. S. Catesbsei Ell.). 



6. ALATA. Fls. yellow? large; Ivs. 1 2f high, with tho tube somewhat 

 ventricous above, throat contracted, wing conspicuous (' broad). La. 

 (Hale). A remarkable variety. 



y. RUBRA. Fls. reddish purple, smaller than S. purpurea. Lvs. 1 2f high, 

 with purple veins (S. rubra Walt.). 



d. DRUMMONDII. Fls. purple, very large; Ivs. very tall (2030'), remark- 

 ably mottled above with purple veins and white, diaphanous interstices. (S. 

 Drummondii Groom) Fla. (Chapman.) 



ORDER XII. PAP AVERAGES. POPPY-WORTS. 



Herbs with alternate, exstipulate leaves, and generally a milky or colored juice. 

 Fls. solitary, on long peduncles, never blue, hypogynous, regular, ^/ or y. Sep. 

 2, rarely 3, caducous, and petals 4, rarely 6, all imbricated. Sta. indefinite, but 

 some multiple of 4. Anthers 2-celled, innate. Ova. compound. Sty. short or 0. 

 Stig. 2, or if more," stellate upon the flat apex of ovary. Fr. either pod-shaped, 

 with 2 parietal placentas, or capsular, with several. Sds. CO, minute. Embryo 

 minute, at the base of oily albumen. (Figs. 229 231, 276.) 



An order consisting of 15 genera and 130 species, more than two-thirds of which are natives 

 of Europe. The order is characterised by active narcotic properties, principally resident in tin- 

 turbid juice. Opium is the dried milky juice of Papaver somniferutn. The seeds are com- 

 monly rich in fixed oil. Several of the species arc highly ornamental in cultivation. 



T Plants with a red juice. Petals 8, plain in tho bud SANGUINAIUA. 1 



1 Plants with a yellow juice. Petals crumpled in the bud. (*) 



* Stigmas and placenta; 3, 4, or 6. Capsule ovoid, (b) 



* Stigmas and placenta? 2 only. Capsule long, pod-shaped, (a) 



a Pod 1-celled, smooth. Lvs. pinnate CiiELiDoxirii. -2 



a Pod 2-celled, rough. Lvs. palmate GLAUCIUM. 



b Style distinct, but short MECOXOPSIS, 5 



b Style none, stigma sessile ARGEMOSE. 



1 Plants with a white juice. Petals 4, crumpled in bud PAPAVEH. 6 



4 Plants with a watery juice. Calyx a mitre, falling off whole ESCHSCUOLTZIA. 7 



1. SANGUINARIA, L. BLOOD-ROOT. (Latin sanguis, blood ; all its 

 parts abound in a red juice.) Sepals 2, caducous ; petals 8 12, in 2 

 or 3 rows, the outer longer. Stamens about 24 ; stigma sessile, 1 

 or 2-lobed ; capsule silique-form, oblong, 1-celled, 2-valved, acute at each 



