230 ORDER 13. C^UCIFERJE. 



at apex. Ij- One of the most popular flowers of the genus, native of England, 

 etc. St. 2f high. Fls. purple. Several varieties are enumerated, as the double 

 flowered, Brompton Stock, Brompton Queen. Jn.f 



4 M. fenestralis R. Br. Erect, simple; Ivs. crowded, recurved, undulate, 

 downy; eiliques downy, broadest at base. ^ From S. Europe. Plant If high. 

 Fls. numerous, large, purple. Jl., Aug.f 



5. DENTARIA, L. PEPPER-ROOT. (Lat. dens, a tooth ; from the 

 tooth-like projections of the rhizome.) Sepals converging ; silique 

 lance-linear, with flat, veinless valves, often opening elastically ; placentae 

 not winged ; sds. in a single row, ovate, not bordered ; funiculus broad 

 (0 = ). Rhizome 2f . Lvs. palmately divided, those of the stem but 2 

 or 3, somewhat whorled. Fls. white or purplish, in a terminal 

 raceme. 



Leaves of the stem sub-opposite or sub-verticillate Nos. 1 8 



Leaves of the stem alternate Nos. 4, 5 



1 D. diph^lla L. St. 2-kaved ; I/is, subovate; rhizome continuous, toothed. In 

 woods and wet meadows, Can. to Car., "W. to the Miss. St. about If high, 

 round, smooth, with 2, nearly opposite, ternate leaves above the middle. Lfts. 

 on very short stalks, the lateral ones oblique, all with rounded, mucronate, un- 

 equal teeth. Fls. racemed, large, white ; the petals much larger than the calyx. 

 The rootstock is long and large in proportion to the plant, beset with teeth, with 

 a pungent, aromatic taste. May. 



2 D. laciniata MuhL ' Cauline Ivs.. 3, 3-parted, the divisions lanceolate or linear- 

 oblong, obtuse, lobed, toothed or entire ; rhiz. moniliform. In woods, Can. and U. 

 S. The rootstock consists of several connected tubers of a pungent taste. Stem 

 ]f high, smooth, simple. Lvs. usually in a whorl about half way up, the segm. 

 with very irregular, mucronate teeth, rarely subentire, lateral ones sometimes 

 cut nearly to the base, rendering the leaf almost quinate. Root-lvs. generally 

 wanting. Fls. racemed, purplish. Apr., May. 



3 D. multiflda Muhl. Cauline Ivs. mostly 3, and verticillate, rarely 2, multifid 

 with numerous linear lobes ; rhiz. tuberous. -In woods, N. Car, to Ala., rare. St. 

 6 10' high. Lvs. finely dissected in a bi- or triternate manner. Fls. white, 

 smaller than in the above species. 



4 D. maxima Nutt. Stem about 3-kaved (2 to 7) ; Ifts. 3, ovate, toothed or cleft ; 

 rhiz. moniliform, the tubers toothed. N. Y. and Penn., rare. Tubers of the 

 rootstock thick as the finger, an inch or more in length. St. 1 2f high, bear- 

 ing a lengthened raceme, with pale purple flowers which are larger than in No. 1, 

 and several alternate, remote, ternate, petiolate Ivs. Lfts. sharply and coarsely 

 cut-toothed or lobed. May. 



5 D. heteroph^lla Nutt. St. about 2-leaved (2 or 3), leaflets 3, lanceolate and nearly 

 entire; root-lvs. of 3, ovate-oblong, toothed and cut-lobed Ifts. ; rhiz. moniliform, 

 scarcely toothed. Penn., Va., Ky. A small and delicate species, some 6' high. 

 Tubers of the root few (1 3), oblong. Eadical If. always present, long-petioled. 

 The alternate stem-lvs. small (!' long), also petiolate. Fls. few (6 9), pale- 

 purple. Jn. 



6. CARDAMINE, L. BITTER CRESS. (Gr. ttapdia, heart, da/zaw, 

 to strengthen ; from its stomachic properties.) Calyx a little spreading, 

 silique linear with flat, veinless valves^ narrower than the dissepiment, 

 and often opening elastically from the base ; stigma entire ; seeds not 

 margined, with a slender funiculus (0=). Fls. white or purple. 



* Leaves pinnate, \vith many leaflets Nos. 1, 2 



* Leaves simple, or partly ternate. Boots mostly perennial, (a) 



a Style slenfler. In low, vet grounds Nos. 3, 4 



a Style none. In high mountains Nos. 5, 6 



1 C. hirstita L. St. (hirsute in Europe) glabrous, erect; Ivs. pinnately 5 11- 

 foliate, terminal Ifl. largest ; fls. (white) small, silique erect, linear or filiform ; stig. 



