ORDER 47 . ROSACE^E. 327 



side toward the base; petiole with 2 glands; rac. lax, short, spreading; petals 

 orbicular. A small tree or shrub, 5 to 2 Of high, in woods and hedges. Bark 

 grayish. Lvs. 2 to 3' long, 1 to 2' wide, with a short, abrupt acumination. Fls. 

 appearing in May. Fruit (cherries) abundant, of a dark-red color, very astringent 

 to the taste, yet on the whole agreeable. 



4 C. pumila MX. SAND CHERRY. Lvs. oblanceolate or obovate, acute, subserrate, 

 smooth, paler beneath; umbels few-flowered, sessile, drupe ovoid. A small trail- 

 ing shrub, in gravelly soils. Can. and II. S. Branches ascending, 1 to 2f high. 

 Lvs. 2 to 3' long, as wide, very acute at each end. Fls. white, 3, 4 or 6 in 

 each umbel, the pedicels smooth, 1' in length. Fruit small, dark red, acid but 

 agreeable to the taste. May. (Prunus depressa Ph.) 



5 C. Pennsylvanica Ait. WILD EED CHERRY. Lvs. oblong-ovate, acuminate, 

 finely serrate, membranous, smooth; umbels coryrnbous, with elongated pedicels; 

 drupe small, ovoid-subglobous. A small tree, common in woods and thickets in 

 the Northern States. The trunk rarely exceeds 25f in height, with a diam. of 6 

 to 8'. Bark smooth, reddish brown. Lvs. 2 to 5' long, as wide, the fine teeth 

 mostly glandular, apex tapering to a long acumination. Fls. white, on long (2') 

 slender pedicels collected into a sort of umbel. Fruit red, very acid. This tree 

 is of rapid growth, and quickly succeeds a forest clearing, if neglected. May. 

 (Prunus borealts Ph.) 



6 C. A v vium Moench. DUKE CHERRY. OX-HEART. ENGLISH CHERRY. 

 BIGAREAU, <fcc. Branches erect or ascending ; Ivs. oblong-obovate, acuminate, hairy 

 beneath; umbels sessile, with rather long pedicels ; drupe ovoid globous, subcor- 

 date at base. Cultivated in gardens, fields, &c., common. Trunk 20 to 50f in 

 height, with an oblong or pyramidal head. Lvs. 3 to 6' long, as wide, on peti- 

 oles 1 to 2' long, often with 2 glands. Fls. expanding with the leaves, white. 

 Drupes various shades of red, firm but juicy. May. About 75 varieties are pub- 

 lished in American catalogues. \ 



7 C. vulgaris Mill. SOUR CHERRY. LARGE RED. MORELLO, &c. Branches 

 spreading ; Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, acute at apex, narrowed at base, nearly smooth ; um- 

 bels subsessile, with short pedicels ; drupes globous. A smaller tree than the pre- 

 ceding, much cultivated. Trunk 15 to 2 Of high, with a roundish, compact head. 

 Branches slender. Lvs. 2 to 3' long, f as wide, unequally serrate, on petioles J 

 as long, with 2 glands. Fls. white, expanding sooner than the leaves. 2 or 3 from 

 each bud, on pedicels f ' long. Fr. large, various shades of red, acid or subacid. 

 Apr. More than 50 varieties are enumerated. | (Prunus Cerasus L.) 



6. PRU'NUS, Tourn. PLUM, APRICOT. Calyx 5-cleft, regular, de- 

 ciduous; petals much spreading; stamens 15 to 30 ; ovary 2-ovuled ; 

 drupe ovate, fleshy, generally clothed with a glaucous bloom or with a 

 soft pubescence ; nucleus compressed, smooth. Small trees or shrubs. 

 Lvs. convolute in vernation. Fls. white, in simple umbels from lateral 

 buds, mostly preceding the Ivs. 



Drnpe downy ; stone furrowed at edges. Lvs. acuminate Nos. 8, 9 



Drupe glabrous umbels 1 or 2-flowered. Lvs. acute Nos. 67 



umbels 2 to 5-fiowered. Lvs. rather acute Nos. 2 4 



Lvs. acuminate No. 1 



1 P. Americana Marsh. RED PLUJL YELLOW PLUM. Somewhat thorny; 

 Ivs. oblong-oval and obovate, abruptly and strongly acuminate, doubly serrate ; 

 drupes roundish oval, reddish orange, with a thick, coriaceous skin. Hedges and 

 low woods, U. S. and Can., often cultivated for its sweet and pleasant fruit, 

 which is about the. size of the Damson. Shrub 10 to 15f high. Lvs. 2 to 3' long, 

 as wide, petioles to ' long, mostly with 2 glands at the summit. Fls. pre- 

 ceding the Ivs., 3 to 4 in each of the numerous umbels, white. Drupes nearly 

 destitute of bloom, ripe in Aug. Flowers in May. $ (Cerasus nigra Loisel.) 



2 P. maritima Wang. BEACH PLUM. Lvs. oval or obovate, slightly acuminate, 

 sharply serrate; petioles with 2 glands ; umbels few-flowered; pedicels short, pu- 

 bescent ; fr. nearly round. A small shrub abundant on the sea-beach, particu- 

 larly on Plum Island, at the mouth of Merrimac River. Very branching. Lvs. 

 1 to 3' long, downy-canescent beneath when young, becoming at length nearly 



