330 ORDER 47. ROSACE^E. 



acuminate or cuspidate or mucronate, sharply serrate, smooth ; rac. loose, elon- 

 gated ; segm. of the caL triangular -lanceolate, nearly as long as the tube ; petals 

 linear-oblong or oblanceolate ; fr. purplish, globous. A small tree or shrub, 

 foyrad in woods, U. S. and Brit. Am., rarely exceeding 35f in height. Lvs. 

 2 to 3' long, downy-tomentous when young, at length very smooth on both 

 sides, very acute and finely serrate. Fls. large, white, in terminal racemes, ap- 

 pearing in early spring, rendering the tree quite conspicuous in the yet naked 

 forest. Fruit pleasant to the taste, ripening in June. (Pyrus Botryapium L. f.) 

 /?. OBLONGIFOLIA T. &. G. Shrubby; Ivs. oblong-oval, mucronate, and with 

 small, sharp serratures; rac. and flowers smaller; pet oblong-obovate, 

 thrice longer than the calyx. (A. ovalis Hook.) 

 y. ROTUNDIFOLIA T. '&. Gr. Lvs. broad-oval ; petals linear-oblong. Shrub 10 



to 2 Of high. (Pyrus ovalis Willd.) 



6. ALNIFOLIA T. & Gr. Shrubby or arborescent ; Ivs. orbicular-oval, rounded or 

 retuse at each end, serrate only near the apex ; pet. linear-oblong ; stain, 

 very short. (Aroriia alnifolia Nutt.) 



e. OLiGOC-iKPA T. & Gr. Shrubby; Ivs. mostly glabrous from the first, elliptic- 

 oblong, cuspidate; rac. 2 to 4-flowered, pet. obovate-oblong. Mountain 

 swamps, N. H., N. Y. and northward. 



12. CRATVTGUS, L. THORN. HAWTHORN. (Gr. Kpdro^ strength; 

 on account of the firmness of the wood.) Calyx urceolate, limb 5-cleft ; 

 petals 5; stamens GO; ovaries 1 to 5, with as many styles; pome 

 fleshy, containing 1 to 5 bony, 1-seeded carpels, and crowned at the 

 summit by the persistent calyx and disk. Trees or shrubs, armed with 

 thorns. Lvs. simple, often lobed. Bracts subulate, deciduous, mostly 

 glandular. Fls. corymbous. 



Corymbs 6 to 30-flowered, appearing with the leaves, (a) 



a Villous or pubescent. Lvs. plicate or sulcate along the veins Nos. 1, 2 



a Pubescent. Lvs. plain, not at all plicate, cleft or not Nos. 3, 4 



a Glabrous throughout. Lvs. abrupt at base, lobed, petioled. Nos. 57 



Lvs. attenuate at base, seldom lobed Nos. 8, 9 



5 Corymbs 1 to 6-flowered, appearing before the downy, leaves No. 10 



appearing with the leaves, pubescent No. 1 1 



glabrous Nos. 12, 18 



1 C. tomentosa L. BLACK THORN T . Lvs. broad-ovate or oval, abrupt at lose, the 

 margin doubly and sharply serrate or cut into many small lobes, villous or pubescent 

 when young as well as the petioles and compound corymbs of large fls., veins 

 prominent beneath, sulcate above; fruit rather large (8 to 9" diam.) oval or 

 globular, 5-carpeled, 2 to 5-seeded, crimson, tinged yellowish. Can. to Ky. and 

 Car. Mts. A large shrub or tree 15 to 25f high. Lvs. half grown with the hand- 

 some white fls., finally 2 to 3' by 1 to 2'. Fl. Apr., May. Fr. Jl. Aug. 



ft. PLICATA. Lvs. smaller, nearly glabrous and strongly plicate. Vt. (T. &G.), 



N. H. and N. Y. 

 y. PYRIFOLIA Ait. Lvs. ovate- elliptic or oval, acute at base, and with the 



slender petioles and corymbs thinly pubescent, plicate, sharply toothed and 



slightly cut-lobed. Styles mostly 3. Mich, to Iowa. 

 6. FLABELLATA Bos'c. Lvs. roundish-cuneiform or somewhat fanshaped. 



glabrous, dentate and cut-lobed above ; corymbs and bracts pubescent, glan- 

 dular. 111., Iowa. 

 e. MOLLIS Gray. Lvs. large, softly villous, subcordate, with the margin quite 



conspicuously, many (9 to 13)-lobed; corymbs canescently villous; fruit 



downy when young. Ohio to Iowa. 



2 C. ptmctata Jacq. Lvs. cuneiform-obovate, doubly and often incisely serrate, 

 entire at base, and narrowed to a short, winged petiole, veins straight and prominent, 

 pubescent beneath; corymbs and cal. villous-pubescent ; sty. 3 (1 or 2); fr. 

 globous, punctate. Borders of woods, U. S. and Can. Tree 12 to 25f high. 

 Branches wide-spreading, crooked, covered with cinerous bark. Thorns stout, 

 sharp, 1 to 2' long, sometimes wanting. Lvs. 1 to IV long, \ as wide, acute or 

 short acuminate ; petioles \ to 1' long. Fls. white, in somewhat leafy, compound 

 corymbs of 8 to 15. Fr.~5 to 8" diam., red or yellowish, eatable in Sept. Fls. 

 Apr. Jn. 



