400 ORDER 67 RUBIACE^B. 



ft. LANCBOLATUM Torn Very smooth ; Ivs. lanceolate ; fr. sessile. A fine va- 

 riety with larger leaves (2' or more in length). Fls. purple. (G. Torreyi Bw.) 



y. MONTANUM T. & G. Dwarf; Ivs. obovate. White Mts. (Oakes.) (G. Lit- 

 teUi Oakes.) 



4 G. latifolium MX. St. erect, smooth; Ivs. in 4s, lanceolate, 3-veined, very 

 acute ; ped. axillary (leafy) and terminal, about twice trichotomous ; purple fls. 

 and smooth fruit on filiform pedicels. Mts. E. Tenn. and Va. to Ga. An elegant 

 species. St. about 2f high. Lvs. \ to 2' long. Fls. very small, pedicels 2 to 6" 

 long, divaricate. JL 



5 G. boreale L. St. erect, smooth ; Ivs. in 4s, linear-lanceolate, rather acute, 

 3-veined, smooth ; fls. in a terminal pyramidal panicle. Grows in rocky, shady 

 places, N. States and Brit. Am. Sts. If or more high, several together, branched 

 above. Lvs. 12 to 20" by 2 to 9'', tapering to an obtusish point. Fls. numer- 

 ous, small, white, in a thyrse-like panicle at top of the stem. Fr. small. Jl. (G. 

 septentrionale Bw.) 



6 G. hispidulum MX. Diffuse, minutely hispid ; Ivs. in 4s t oval, thickish, mostly 

 acute or mucronate ; ped. axillary, 1 to 3-flowered ; fr. fleshy and berry-like, large, 

 bluish-purple. S. Car to Fla. and La. Sts. sharply 4-augled. Lvs. 5 to 7" by 2 

 to 3", margin somewhat re volute. Pedicels of the fr. about G" long. May Oct. 



7 G. tinifldrum MX. Glabrous ; sis. ccespitous, slender, many, ascending ; Ivs. in 

 4s. linear, acute; ped. axillary, solitary, bearing 2 to 4 bracts, mostly 1 -flowered; 

 fr. oblong, fleshy, smooth, purple. Damp woods, S. Car. to Fla. and La. St. 

 straight, nearly simple, about If high, the Ivs. about 1' by 1'', and 1-veined. Fr. 

 smaller than in No. 6. May. 



3 G. triflorum MX. St. weak, often procumbent, smoothish, shining ; Ivs. in 5s 

 and Gs^elliptic and lanceolate, acuminate-cuspidate, 1-veined, scarcely ciliate on 

 the margin; ped. elongated, axillary, 3 (rarely 2)-flowered'at the extremity, often 

 twice di- or trichotomous ; fls. pedicellate ; fr. hispid with hooked hairs. Moist 

 woods, Can. and TJ. S. St. 1 to 3f long, slightly branched. Lvs. 1 to 2' long, 

 as broad, often obovate. Fl. greenish white, small Fr. whitish, with its uncinate 

 clothing. Jl. 



9 G. asprelltim MX. HOUGH CLEAVERS or CLIVERS. St. diffuse, very branch- 

 ing, rough backwards ; Ivs. in 6s, 5s, or 4s, lanceolate, acuminate or cuspidate, mar- 

 gin and midvein retrorsely aculeate ; ped. short, in 2s or 3s. Common in thickets 

 and low grounds, Can. and N. States. St. weak, 2 to 5f long, leaning on other 

 plants, and closely adhering to them by its minute, retrorse prickles. Lvs. 5 to 

 8" by 2 to 3 '. Fls. white, small and numerous. Fr. minute, smooth, often 

 slightly hispid when young. Jl. 



10 G. trifidum L. DYER'S CLEAVERS. GOOSE-GRASS. St. decumbent, very 

 branching, roughish with retrorse prickles ; Ivs. in 5s and 4s, linear-oblong or ob- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, rough-edged; parts of the fls. mostly in 3s. 1 In low, wet 

 grounds, Can. and U. S. It is one of the smallest of the species. Lvs. 3 to 6" 

 by 1 to 2", often cuueate at base. Ped. mostly in 3s, and axillary. Fls. small, 

 white. Jl. 



/?. TINCTORIUM Torr. St. nearly smooth; Ivs. of the st. in 6s, of the branches 

 in 4s; ped. 2 or 3-flowered; parts of the fl. in 4s. A somewhat less slen- 

 der variety than the first. The root is said to dye a permanent red. (G. tinc- 

 torium L.) 



y. LATIFOLIUM Torr. Lvs. in 4s, oblanceolate, obtrae ; ped. 3-flowered ; parts 

 of the fl. in 4s. 



11 G. concinnum Torr. & Gr. St. decumbent, diffusely branched, retrorsely 

 scabrous on the angles ; Ivs. in 63. linear, glabrous, 1-veined, scabrous upwards on 

 the margins; ped. filiform, twice or thrice trichotomous, with short pedicels; 

 lobes of the corolla acute. Dry woods and hills, Mich., Ky., Ind. Sts. very 

 slender, 10 to 15' high. Lvs in numerous whorls, 5 to 8" by 1", slightly broader 

 in the middle. Fls. minute and numerous, white. Ju. 



12 G. Aparine L. St. weak, procumbent, retrorsely prickly ; Ivs. in 8s, 7s, or 6s, 

 linear-oblanceolate, mucronate, rough on the midvein and margin ; ped. axillary, 

 1 to 2-flowered. CD In wet thickets, Can. and N. States to Ind~ (Plurnmer.) Sts. 

 several feet long, leaning on other plants and closely adhering by their hooked 



