ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 449 



15 H. cinereus. 0. SULLTVANTII Torr. & Gr. Rough, cinerous-pubescent ; st. 

 virgate, somewhat naked aud branched above ; Ivs. opposite (the upper often 

 alternate), ovate-oblong, narrowed to the sessile base, the lower to a winged petiole 

 scales lanceolate, canescent, pales pointed, with 2 lateral teeth. Ohio (Suliivant). 

 St. 2 to 3f high. Hds. as large as in Xo. 14. 



16 H. decapetalus L. Lvs. opposite, ovate, acuminate, irregularly toDthed, thin, 

 3-veined l scabrous above, smooth or nearly so beneath, on winged petioles ; scales 

 lanceolate-linear, subciliate spreading, nearly equal; rays 9 to 12, pale yellow. 

 Copses, along .streams, Can., N. Eng. and Middle States. St. 3 to 4f high, pur- 

 plish. InvoL varying in all degrees of leafiness between the present form and 

 the variety following. Aug. f 



J3. FROXDOSUS. Outer scales larger and leaf-like. (H. frondosus L.) 



17 H. trachaefdliua "Willd. Lvs. opposite, those of the branches mostly alternate, 

 thin, scabrous both sides, tripli-veiued, appressed-serrate, acuminate, petiolate, 

 lower ones ovate, middle lance-ovate, upper lance-linear ; scales lance-linear, atten- 

 uate-acuminate, longer than the disk, loosely spreading, ciliate ; chaff slightly 3- 

 toothed; rays 12 to 15. Tall, handsome, in thickets, &c., Ohio to 111. and Tenn. 

 St. purplish, 3 to 8f high. Lvs. 3 to 6' long. Hds. middle size, at top of the slen- 

 der, suberect branches. Rays expanding 2 to 3'. 



18 H. doronicoides Lam. St. branched, rough or hirsute above; Ivs. opposite, 

 petiolate, tfte upper alternate and subsessile, ovate and ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 tripli- veined, serrate, very scabrous above, smooth and pubescent beneath ; scales 

 lance-lirfear, ciliate, longer than the disk; rays 12 to 15. "W. and S. States. St. 4 

 to 7f high, with irregular, alternate branches. Lvs. 3 to 10' by 1 to 3'; petioles 

 to 1' long. Rays very showy, 15 to 20" by 4 to 6". Jl. Sept. 



(3. PLENA-FLORA. Fls. all ra"diate. Gardens. A handsome flower, somewhat 

 like a yellow Dahlia. \ 



19 H. stnimosTis L. St. smooth below, scabrous above; Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, 

 short petioled, all similar, acuminate, finely serrate, scabrous above, smooth or 

 tomentous-canescent beneath; hds. few, about 10-rayed; scales ciliate, equaling 

 the disk, squarrous- spreading at tip. 2 Grows in swamps, &c. f Can. and U. S. 

 St. 3 to 5f high, erect^ branching above, Lvs. petiolate, with an acute point and 

 close serratures, the lower surface varying in the degree of pubescence. Rays 

 bright yellow, an inch or more in length. Scales hairy. JL 



20 H. hirsutus Raf. St. simple or dichotomous above, scabrous, hirsute; Ivs. 

 opposite, petiolate, subserrate, 3-veined, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse at base, acumi- 

 nate, very scabrous above, hirsute*beneath ; scales ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, hir- 

 sute, as long as the disk; rays 11 15. Dry soils, "Western and Southern States. 

 Stem 4 7f high, with irregular, alternate branches. Leaves 3 10' by 1 3'. 

 petioles^ 1' long. Rays very showy, 15 18" by 4 6''. JL Sept. (H. diver- 

 sifolius Ell.) 



3. PUBESCEVS. Lvs. tomentoua beneath, subseasale. (H. pubescens Hook.) 



21 H. divaricatus L. St. smooth, branching or simple ; Ivs. nearly opposite, 

 sessile, ovate-lanceolate, 3-veined, scabrous above, smooth beneath; panicle tricho- 

 tomous, slender, few-flowered. Rocky woods, brook-sides, U. S. and Brit. Am. 

 Stem 5f high, glaucous. Leaves rather abrupt at base, tapering to a long, acute 

 point, with obtuse serratures. Flowers large, although small for the genus, few, 

 yellow and showy. The panicle is either 2 or 3-forked. Aug., Sept. 



t3. SCABERRIMUS. St. subsimple ; Ivs. thick, exceedingly rough and rigid ; op- 

 posite or ternately verticillate. Barrens, West 



22 H. microcephalus Torr. & Gr. St. glabrous; Irs. opposite, thin, oblong-lance- 

 olate, acuminate at each end, petiolate, roughish above, downy beneath ; hds. very 

 small; scales with slender, spreading points; rays 5 to 7. Thickets, ~W. Can.. 

 W. States, to La. St. 3 to 6f high, fork-branched, or sometimes irregularly. Lvs. 

 4 to 5' long. Hds. 3 to 4" diam., rays spreading li'. Jl. Sept. 



23 H. Schweinitzii Torr. & Gr. St. pubescent, with oppressed, bristly hairs; Ivs. 

 rough above, densely tomentous-canescent beneath, otherwise as in No. 22. N. Car, 

 in the upland counties (Curtis). Similar to H. microcephalus, except in its rough 

 and downy clothing. 



24 H. Icevigatus Torr. & Gr. Smooth throughout; st. slender, nearly simple 



29 



