454 ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 



ray angular, mostly awnless. (J) Herbs with an acrid taste, opposite 



Ivs., solitary, yellow heads. Tropical. 



A. repens Pers. St. decumbent, rooting at the lower joints, diffuse ; Ivs. lanceo- 

 late or oblong-lanceolate, acute at each end, petiolate, more or less serrate ; lids, 

 solitary, on axillary and terminal peduncles; scales lance-ovate; rays 10 to 12. 

 Wet places, S. Car. to Ma. Sept., Oct. (Spilanthes Nuttallii, T. & G-.) 



60. VERBESrNA, L. CROWN-BEARD. Heads few or many-flowered ; 

 nays $ , few or none, disk ; scales in 2 or more series, imbricated, 

 erect ; chaff concave, or embracing the flowers ; achenia compressed, 

 2-awned. if American plants, sometimes shrubby. Lvs. often decur- 

 rent, serrate or lobed. Hds. solitary or corymbous, 



1 V. siegisb^ckia MX. St. 4-winged; Ivs. opposite, ovate or lance-ovate, serrate, 

 acuminate, triple- veined, tapering to a winged petiole, lids, radiate, in trichotomous 

 cymes; rays 1 to 5 ; ach. wingless; fls. yellow. Roadsides and dry fields, "W. 

 and S. States, common. St. 4 to 6f high. Lvs. 5 to 8' by 3 to 4', thin. Hds. 

 about 25-flowered, with yellow corollas, and yellow, lanceolate rays, the latter 

 about 9" long. Aug., Sept. (Coreopsis alata Ph. Actinomeris alata Nutt.) 



2 V. Virginica L. St. narrowly-winged, pubescent above ; Ivs. alternate, lanceo- 

 late or lance-ovate, subserrate, scabrous, acute or acuminate, tapering to the 

 sessile base ; lower ones decurrent ; corymbs compound, dense ; rays (oval) and 

 disk-fls. white; ach. winged. Dry woods, Penn. to La. Stem 3 5f high, and 

 leaves beneath often more or less tomentous. Heads about 20-flowered, the 3 or 

 4 rays scarcely J' long. Aug. Sept. 



3 V. sinuata Ell. St. wingless, striate-angkd, pubescent ; Ivs. alternate, ovate, 

 acuminate, contracted to a long, slender base, irregularly repand-toothed and some 

 of them sinuate-lobed or pinnatifid; hds. corymbous ; rays 3 to 5, oval, and with 

 the disk white; ach. broadly winged. Sandy soil, S. Car., Ga. (Feay), Fla. St. 

 2 to 4f high, with ample, coarse Ivs. Hds. similar to the last, about 12-flowered. 

 Lvs. feather-veined. Sept. Nov. 



61. DYSCTDIA, Cav. FALSE DOG-FENNEL. Heads many-flowered ; 

 rays ? ; disk $ ; involucre of a single series of partially united scales, 

 usually calyculate ; achenia elongated, 4-angled, compressed ; pappus 

 scales chaffy, in one series, fimbriately and palmately cleft into bristles. 

 Herbs with large, pellucid glands. Lvs. mostly opposite and 

 pinnately parted or toothed. Hds. paniculate or corymbous. Fls. 

 yellow. 



D. chrysanthemoides Lagasca. St. glabrous, much-branched; Ivs. pinnately 

 parted, lobes linear, toothed ; hds. terminal on the short branchlets ; scales united 

 at base, scarious, obtuse, with large, oblong glands ; outer ecales 7 to 9, linear ; 

 pappus bristles slender, as long as the involucre. Prairies and roadsides, 11L, 

 Mo., to La. An ill-scented plant, about If high, with finely divided Ivs. Aug. 

 Oct. (Tagetes papposa Vent.) 



62. GAILLAR'DIA, Fougeroux. Heads radiate ; rays neutral ; scales 

 in 2 or 3 series, acute, leafy, spreading, outer largest ; receptacle con- 

 vex, fimbrillate (naked in the following species).; rays cuneiform, 3- 

 cleft ; achenium villous with long hairs from its base ; pappus of 6 to 10 

 long awns, which are membranous at base. Lvs. alternate, entire, 

 often dotted. Hds. on long, naked peduncles. 



1 G. lanceolata MX. Pubescent; Ivs. lanceolate or linear, sessile, the lower 

 petiolate; scales as long as the disk; disk-fls. with long, subulate, pubescent 

 teeth; receptacle smooth, (not fimbrillate !). () Barrens, S. Car. to Fla. and Tex. 

 St. 1 to 2f high, slender, ending in long, naked flower-stalks. Lvs. 1 to 3' long, 

 rather oblong. Scales and disk purple. Rays yellow. May Aug. 



2 G. pulcheila Fouger. Pubescent j Ivs. lanceolate, the lower short-petioled, 



