464 ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 



bright green, the radical ones stalked. Fls. without rays, terminal, scattered, 

 yellow, appearing all summer. Eur. 



2 S. aureus L. Radical Ivs. ovate, cordate, crenate-serrate, petiolate, cauline ones 

 lyrate-pinnatifid, dentate, terminal segments lanceolate ; ped. subumbellate, thick ; 

 rays 8 to 12 ; ach. glabrous. If Plant with varying forms, in meadows, woods, 

 (U. S. and Brit. Am.), with golden yellow fls. St. smoothish, striate, erect, 1 to 

 2f high, simple, or branched above, terminating in a kind of umbellate, simple or 

 compound corymb. Lower stem Ivs. lyrate, upper ones few and slender. Ped. 

 more or less thickened upwards. Scales linear, acute, purplish at apex. Rays 

 spreading about 1'. May Aug. 



(3 BALsiMiT.fi. St. villous at base; Ivs. few, small and distant, pubescent, 

 radical ones oblong-lanceolate ; ped. villous at base. Rocky hills and pas- 

 tures. (S. Balsamitae, Muhl.) 



y GRiciLis. Radical Ivs. orbicular, on long petioles, cauline few, linear-oblong, 

 incisely dentate ; ped. short, pilous, with small, few-rayed heads. A slender 

 state of the species, on rocky shores. (S. gracilis, Ph.) 



6 OBOVATUS. Radical Ivs. obovate to oblong-spatulate ; ped. elongated. 

 Meadows, &c. (S. obovatus, Willd.) 



LANCEOLATUS. Radical Ivs. lanceolate, acute, cauline lanceolate, pinnatifid 

 at base. Shady swamps, &c. 



3 S. obovatus Ell. Tomentous when young, at length glabrous ; root Ivs. obo- 

 vate or roundish, crenate, with an attenuated sessile lose, cauline few, small, cut- 

 pinnate; corymb small; rays 10 to 12; ach. glabrous. Va. to Fla St. afoot 

 high, nearly leafless. Lvs. mostly radical, near 3' broad and long, often slightly 

 petioled ; the upper Ivs. rapidly diminished. Rays spreading about 1'. May. 



4 S. tomentdsus MX. Clothed with soft, cotton-like, nearly persistent tomentum ; 

 root Ivs. oblong or oblanceolate or ovate, obtuse, tapering to a long, slender petiole, 

 crenate, the upper sessile; lids, fastigiate, rays 12 to 15; ach. pubescent. If Va. 

 to Fla. and La. St. 1 to 2f high, often nearly leafless above. Corymb simple, 

 subumbellate. Root Ivs. with their petioles 6 to 9' long, 1 to 3' wide. Rays 

 spreading 16". Apr. Jn. The leaves are exceedingly variable. A variety (on 

 Stone Mt., Ga.) is low, densel} 7 - tomentous, with the Ivs. all radical. 



5 S. anonymus. Plant clothed with a white, partly deciduous tomentum ; root Ivs. 

 small, oblong, obtuse, crenate-serrate, some of them slightly lobed, tapering to a 

 petiole, cauline Ivs. long and narrow, remotely sinuate-pinnatifid, the segm. cut-den- 

 tate; hds. subumbellate, small, ach. pubescent. U ? Montgomery, Ala. St. 16 to 

 24' high. Root Ivs. ' wide and with their petioles 2 to 3' long. St. Ivs. 6' long, 

 the upper 1', almost bipinnatifid. Rays 8 to 10, spreading about 1''. May., Jn. 



6 S. Canad^nsis L. Lvs. glabrous, bipinnate with linear, lobed, obtuse segm., 

 the upper few pinnately divided ; corymbs compound, fastigiate ; rays 9" to 12. 

 If Canada (Kalm, in Willd. Spec., Ac.) Upper districts of the S. States. Hds. 

 rather small. Jn. Possibly our S. anonymus is a variety of this. (S. millc- 

 foliurn T. & G. 



7 S. lobatus Pers. BUTTER-WEED. Glabrous or slightly floccous at base ; Ivs. 

 all lyrate-pinnatifid (or the upper pinnatifid), the lobes crenate, distant, odd one 

 roundish ; corymbs somewhat compoundly umbeled ; invol. slightly calyculate ; 

 rays 10 to 12 ; ach. minutely hispid. (T) Low, wet ground*, N. Car, to Fla. and 

 La., common. St. striate, 2 to 3f high. Lvs. 4 to 6' long, terminal lobe 1' diam. 

 Rays spreading about 11". Mar. Jl. 



8 S. pseudo-elegans DC. PURPLE JACOB^EA. Lvs. equal, pinnatifid 

 pilous- viscid, spreading; ped. somewhat scaly; invol. calyculate with leafy 

 scales; scales mostly withered at the tips. (J) Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 

 A beautiful plant in cultivation. Fls. of the disk yellow, of the rays brilliant 

 purple. A variety has double fls. with colors equally fine. Another variety has 

 white fls. Jn. Aug. f (S. elegans L.) 



87. AR'NICA, L. Involucre of equal, lanceolate scales, 1 or 2 -rowed ; 

 ray flowers $ , disk ; receptacle flat, with scattered hairs ; pappus 

 single, rigid and serrulate. If St. simple. Lvs. opposite. Fls. }^ellow. 

 1 A. mollis Hook. Pubescent ; st. leafy ; Ivs. becoming nearly glabrous, thin, 



