478 ORDER 72. CAMP ANUL ACE JE. 



united into a tube ; capsule silique-form, dry, chartaceous, 1 -celled, 

 many-seeded, dehiscent by 3 strap-shaped valves. CD Procumbent herbs 

 with small leaves and axillary, solitary fls. 



C. elegaus Doug. Glabrous, sparingly branched ; at. slender, angular ; Ivs. 

 sessile, ovate, 3-veined; ova. sessile, long-acuminate, triangular, contorted, much 

 longer than the leaves ; cor. blue, with a white spot in the middle of the lower 

 lip. Native of the Eocky Mts., &c. A beautiful annual, with bright-blue 

 flowers, f 



ORDER LXXII. CAMPANULACEJS. BELLWORTS. 



Herbs with a milky juice, alternate leaves, and without stipules. Flowers mostly 

 blue, showy. Calyx superior, generally 5-cleft, persistent. Corolla regular, cam- 

 panulate, generally 5-cleft, withering, valvate in aestivation. Stamens 5, free from 

 the corolla; anthers distinct. 2-celled; pollen spherical. Ovary adherent to the 

 calyx, 2 or more celled. Style covered with collecting hairs. Capsule crowned 

 with the remains of the calyx, loculicidal. Seeds many. 



Illust. in fig. 318, 819. 



Genera 28, species 500, chiefly abounding in the northern temperate zono ami in South 

 Africa. Of its 500 species, according to Alphonse Do Candolle, only 19 inhabit the torrid zone. 

 The Campannlacese are interesting" chiefly for their beauty, being destitute of any important 

 known properties. 



1. CAMPANULA, Tourn. (Lat. campanula, a little bell ; from the 

 form of the flowers.) Calyx mostly 5-cleft; corolla campanulate, or 

 subrotate, 5-lobed, closed at base by the broad, valve-like bases of the 5 

 stame'ns ; stigma 3 to 5-cleft ; capsule 3 to 5-celled, opening by lateral 

 pores. Mostly 2T. . Fls. generally in racemes, sometimes spicate, or 

 few and axillary. 



Corolla rotate, flat, deeply 5-lobed, arranged in leafy spikes Nos. 1, 2 



Corolla campanulate, broadly or narrowly (a), 

 a Flowers on slender pedicels, solitary or panicled (b). 



b Root leaves unlike the stem leaves. Corolla large (6 to 12" broad) Nos. 3, 4 



b Hoot leaves and stem leaves similar. Corolla small (2 to 5" broad) Nos. 5, 6 



a Flowers sessile or nearly so. Stem erect. Gardens Nos. 7 9 



1 C. Americana L. St. erect ; Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, uncinately ser- 

 rate, contracted to a winged petiole, veins often ciliate ; fls. axillary, sessile ; style 

 exserted, decurved. A tall, erect, ornamental species in copses, woods, &c. 

 "Western N. Y. and Penn. to 111., common. Also cultivated in gardens. St. 2 to 

 3f high, nearly smooth. Lvs. ending in a long point, smooth, with fine teeth. 



Fls. blue, flat, on short stalks, or sessile, numerous, solitary, or several in each 

 upper axil, forming a terminal, leafy raceme. Corolla spreading. Aug. f (C. 

 acuminata MX.) C. Illiuoensis Froseu (in DC.) is a branching state of the same 

 plant. 



2 C. planiflora DC. Very glabrous; st. simple; Ivs. sessile, coriaceous, 

 shining, radical, crowded, ovate or obovate, obtuse, crenulate, cauline linear-lanceo- 

 late, acute, subentire ; fls. in a spicate raceme ; caL lobes ovate, acute, as long 

 as the campanulate-rotate corolla. Native about Hudson's Bay (Pursh.~) A 

 species with numerous blue fls. Stem about a span high, f (C. nitida Ait.) 



3 C. rotundifolia L. HARE BELL. St. weak, slender ; radical Ivs. ovate or 

 reniform-cordate ; cauline, linear, entire ; fls. few, nodding. Fine and delicate, 

 with blue, bell-shaped fls. On damp rocks, rocky streams, N. States and Brit 

 Am. St. a foot or more high, smooth. The root Ivs. generally decay on the 

 opening of the flowers, so that a specimen with these (7 to 10" by 4 to 7") is 

 rather rare. Cauline Ivs. smooth, linear, 2' long and scarcely a line in width. 

 Fls. terminal, in a loose panicle, drooping. Root creeping, perennial. Jn.,*Jl. 



4 C. persicifolia L. St. angular, erect ; Ivs. rigid, obscurely crenate-ser- 

 rate, radical oblong-obovate, cauline lance-linear; fls. large, broadly campanulate. 

 A beautiful species, native of Europe, with very large, blue (varying to white) 

 flowers. Corolla about 1' broad, f 



