ORDER 87. ACANTHACE^E. 533 



R. Crista-galli L. Mostly glabrous ; Ivs. oblong or lanceolate ; cor. scarcely a 

 third longer than the calyx ; appendages of the galea transversely ovate, broader 

 than long. Meadows, Plymouth, Mass, to Arc. Am. St. a foot high, smooth, 

 branching. Lvs. opposite, nearly sessile, cordate-lanceolate, acutely serrate, 

 rough. Fls. axillary, crowded into a leafy spike. Cal. inflated, contracted at tho 

 mouth, with 4 nearly equal teeth, and much shorter than the yellow, ringent 

 corolla, but becoming very large and inflated hi fruit, rattling with the ripe seeds. 

 Jl. Eur. 



34. EUPHRASIA, L. EYEBRIGHT. (Named for Euphrosine, one of 

 the Graces, meaning cheerfulness.) Calyx 4-cleft ; upper lip of the cor- 

 olla galeate, concave, apex 2-lobed, the lobes broad and spreading, lower 

 lip spreading, trifid, palate not folded ; stamens didynamous, ascending 

 beneath the galea ; capsule oblong, compressed, co-seeded. Herbs with 

 opposite Ivs. and the fls. in spikes. 



B. officinalis L. Lvs. ovate or oblong, the cauline obtuse, crenate, floral (or 

 bracts) acute, cut-serrate with cuspidate teeth ; cal. lobes subequal ; lower lip of 

 cor. with its lobes deeply emarginate. (T) A diminutive tenant of the White Mts. 

 and Can., rare (common in Europe). Plant branched, slender, 2 to* 6' high. Lvs. 

 1 to 3'' long. Fls. bluish white, 3" long. 



35. MELAMPY^RUM, L. Cow WHEAT. (Gr. n&a$ , black, -rrvpog, 

 wheat ; the seeds blacken the flour of wheat if ground with it.) Calyx 

 4-cleft ; upper lip of the corolla compressed ; the margin folded back ; 

 lower lip grooved, trifid ; capsule 2-cellecl, oblique, opening laterally ; 

 seeds 1 to 4, cylindric-oblong, smooth. Herbs with opposite Ivs. Fls. 

 solitary in the upper axils. 



M. pratense L. Lvs. linear and lanceolate, petiolate, glabrous, the upper gener- 

 ally broader and toothed at base ; fls. axillary, distinct ; caL teeth slender, half 

 as long as the corolla. (I) Inhabits woods, Can. to Ga. W. to Ky. St. with oppo- 

 site branches, 8 to 10' high, round, erect. Lvs. opposite, 1 to !' by 3 to 5", the 

 floral ones broader, with (or without) setaceous teeth at base and tapering to an 

 obtuse point. Fls. in the axils of the upper leaves, yellowish, slender, the corolla 

 twice the length of the calyx. Jl. (M. Americanum MX. differing from the 

 European variety in its more slender corolla.) 



ORDER LXXXVIL ACANTHACELE. ACANTHS. 



Herbs or shrubs with opposite, simple leaves and regular, bracted flowers. Calyx 

 pentamerous, equal or unequal, imbricated in the bud. Corotta 5-merous, tubular 

 below, limb more or less bilabiate, convolute in bud. Stamens didynamous or dian- 

 drous, inserted on the tube of the corolla. Fruit a 2-celled, 4 to 12-seeded capsule. 

 Seeds supported by hooks or cup-shaped processes of the placentas, exalbuminous. 



Genera 155, species 1450, chiefly tropical, a few only, extending into the United States. They 

 are mostly destitute of active properties, and in aspect mere weeds. Yet among them are many 

 remarkable for their beauty. Acanthus mollis is celebrated as having, by its leaves, suggested 

 the style of the Corinthian capital in architecture. 



SUBORDERS AND GENERA. 



I. AXECMATACANTHE^E. Seeds destitute of hooked supports, (a) % 



a Corolla regular. Seeds few, adnate to a cup instead of a hook THITNBEKGIA. 1 



a Corolla bilabiate. Seeds many, with papilhe instead of hooks ELYTRAKIA. 2 



II. ECHMATACANTHE^E. Seeds subtended by hooked processes, (b) 



b Corolla funnel-form, subregular stamens didynamous. (KUELLIK.E.) (c) 



C Anthers 2-spurred at base. Capsule 4-seeded in the middle COLOPHANES. 3 



C Anthers not spurred^ Capsule 2 to 16-seeded from the middle DIPTKEACANTHCS. 4 



C Anthers not spurred. Capsule 12 to 16-seeded from the base CKYPIIIACANTHCS. 5 



b Corolla bilabiate, ringent. Stamens 4. Capsule 00 -seeded from the base.HYGEOPHiLA. 6 



b Corolla bilabiate. Stamens 2. Corolla resupinate, upper lip 8-toothed DICLIPTERA. T 



Corolla straight, lower lip 3-toothed. WildRHYTiGLOSSA. 3 

 Corolla straight, lower lip 3-parted. Cult.CYRTANTiraRA. 9 



