ORDER 102. POLYGONACEJ3, 609 



often colored. Lvs. 2 to 4' long, a fourth as wide, entire, short-stalked, acumi- 

 nate. Fls. rose-colored, in many spikes, 1 to 2' long, 5 or 6" thick. Jn. 

 Aug. Eur. 



11 P. Pennsylvanicum L. (Fig. 103, 607.) St. smooth, tumid at the joints; 

 Ivs. lanceolate, petiolate; stip. glabrous, not ciliate ; spikes oblong, crowded; ped. 

 and often the branches above glandular-hispid ; stam. 8 ; sty. 2-cleft; ach. lenticular, 

 with flat sidts. CD Margins of ponds and ditches, common. St. geniculate, 

 branched above, 2 to 4f high. Lvs. 3 to 5' long, as wide, slightly scabrous with 

 appressed hairs. Spikes short and dense, large, and somewhat nodding. Fls. 

 large, rose-colored, pedicellate. JL 



12 P. incarnatum Ell. St geniculate smooth below ; sheaths smoothish ; Ivs. 

 lanceolate, smooth except the roughish midvein and margins, or minutely pu- 

 besc.ent above ; branches and peSuncles glandular-dotted ; spikes linear, nodding, at 

 length elongated ; cal. minutely glandular ; stain. 6; sty. 2-cleft; ach. lenticular 

 with concave sides. CD In ditches and pools, W. and S. States. Sts. 2 to 3f high. 

 Lvs. 5 to 9' by 1 to 3'. Fls. flesh-color or white, in spikes 1 to 3' long. JL 

 Sept. (P. lapathifolium, 2d Edit.) 



13 P. amphibium L. St. assurgent, prostrate or decumbent at base, rooting at the 

 lower joints; Ivs. oblong-lanceolate and oblong, acute, or rounded or cordate at 

 base, petiolate, smooth, acute or acuminate at apex ; spike terminal, ovoid or ob- 

 long, dense ; sta. 5 , sly. 2-cleft. Marshes, ponds, Can. and U. S., more common 

 North. A very variable species, with large leaves and a terminal, dense spike of 

 bright red flowers. Stip. large. Lvs. 5 to 7' by 1 to 2', often shining. Spikes 1 

 to 2' long, the shorter mostly thicker. (Aug. P. coccinum Muhl.) 



i3. AQUATICIBI. Floating, smooth ; Ivs. ovate-lanceolate or oblong-ovate, shin- 

 ing, thick; spikes more usually short and thick. (P. fluitans Eaton.) 



;. TERRESTRE. Ascending or erect, moro or less hirsute; Ivs. lance-oblong, 

 acute or acuminate ; sheath hirsute ; spikes more commonly elongated. 

 Varies into the other. (Mr. S. II. Wright.) 



14 P. viviparum L. ALPIXE BISTON. St. low, erect from a creeping rhizome, 

 simple; Irs. linear-lanceolate, revolute at the margin; spike linear, solitary. 14 

 White Mts., N. IL to Arc, Am. A dwarf alpine species 6' high, bearing a single 

 spike of white flowers which are often transformed into bulblets while on the 

 stem. Lvs. 1 to H' by 2 to 3'', -with entire, obtuse, smooth stipules. JL 



15 P. orientale L. PRINCE'S FEATHER. St. erect, paniculately branched ; Ivs. 

 large, with hairy, salver-form stipules ; sta. 7 ; sty. 2. Native of the East, 

 naturalized in fields and roadsides, throughout the U. S. A tall, showy plant, 

 often cultivated for ornament. Stem 5 Sf long*, % as wide, ovate, acuminate. 

 Spikes numerous, large, red, plume-like, terminal. Aug. \ Eur. 



16 P. Virginianum L. St. simple, minutely appressed-hairy above ; Ivs. ovato 

 and lanceolate, acuminate, short-petiolate ; sheath bristly; rac. wand-like, termi- 

 nal ; fls. remote, solitary in each sheath ; cal. 4-parted ; s"tam. 5, included ; sty. 2, 

 bent downwards, hooked at apex, as long as the shining, tumid-lenticular ache- 

 nium. If Shades, Can. and U. S. St. 3 to 4f high, the raceme half its length. 

 Lvs. large, 3 to 6' long, half as wide. Fls. greenish- white. JL, Aug. 



17 P. convolvulus L. KNOT-BIKDWEED. St. prostrate or climbing, twining, 

 roughish; sheatlis naked; Ivs. hastate, acuminate; fts. in axillary fasicles or in- 

 terrupted racemes ; caL obtusely keeled; ach. purplish -black, dull, exserted. (J) 

 Fields and waste grounds, Can. to Car. Sts. angular, 2 to 3f long. Lvs. 1 to 2' 

 by 7 to 15", petioles half as long. Cal. whitish, twice longer than the pedicels. 

 JL, Aug. Eur. 



18 P. cilinode MX. Minutely pubescent, twining ; sheaths girt at base with a 

 ciliate hairy ring ; Ivs. deeply cordate, ovate, acuminate, lobes scarcely hastate ; 

 rac. paniculate, loose-flowered, axillary and terminal; ach. shining. Fields and 

 hedges, Can. to Wis. and Ga. St. slender, often reddish-purple, 3 to 6 to 8f long. 

 Lvs. 1' to 18" by 9 to 15", petioles about half as long. Panicles simple, 5' long 

 or less. Cal. wingless, scarcely keeled, not quite covering the brown achenium . 

 JL Sept. 



19 P. durnitorum L. HEDGE BINDWEED. St. smooth, twining and climbing ; 



39 



