622 ORDER 109. SANTALACEJE. 



P. flavescens Nutt. Branches opposite, sometimes verticillabe, terete ; Ivs. cu- 

 neate-obovate, 3-veined, obtuse ; spikes axillary, solitary, about as long as the 

 leaves; berries white, semi-transparent. N. J. to 111. (Lapham), and the S. 

 States. Stems 1 H high, rather thick, much branched. Leaves 9 16" by 4 

 9'', smooth and entire, on short petioles. Fls. small, sterile ones' mostly 3-parted. 

 Berry with a viscous pulp adhering to the limb it touches until it strikes root. 

 April. 



ORDER CIX. SANTALACE^E. SANDALWORTS. 



Trees shrubs and herbs, with alternate, undivided leaves, with the calyx tube ad- 

 herent to the ovary, limb 4 to 5-cleft, valvate in aestivation, the stamens as many 

 as the sepals, inserted at their base and opposite to them, an ovary 1-celled, with a 

 free central placenta bearing at top 2 to 4 suspended ovules, but in fruit drupaceous, 

 1-seeded, crowned with the persistent calyx. 



Genera 20, species 200, natives of Europe, America, Australasia, fec. The fragrant sandal- 

 wood is the product of Santalum album, &c., of India. 



TRIBES AND GENERA. 

 J. BUCKLEYEJE. Fls. dioecious, the pistillate dichlamydcous, with no stamens. 



? Calyx lobes 4 ; petals 4, caducous. $ stamens 4. Shrubs BUCKLEYA. 1 



II. SANTALEJ3. Flowers perfect or polygamous, always monochlnmydeous. (a) 



a Flowers in spikes or racemes. Drupe pyritbrm. Shrubs PYRULAKIA. 2 



a Flowers in cymous umbels. Nut ovoid. Halfshrubby COMANDIIA. 3 



1. BUCKLE'YA, Torr. (To S. B. Buckley, an active and successful 

 botanist.) Flowers $ $ , the $ dichlamydrous ; outer (calyx) lobes 

 4, lanceolate ; inner (corolla) lobes 4, ovate, acute, 1-veined, caducous ; 

 stamens ; style included, 4-lobed ; $ monochlamydeous ; lobes 4, 

 ovate, acute, valvate in bud, opposite >the 4 stamens inserted at their 

 base ; disk concave-, lobes 4, alternate with the sepals ; fruit oblong, 

 drupe-like, 10-furrowed, 1-seeded. A shrub or small tree, with sub- 

 sessile, entire Ivs., the sterile fls. clustered, pedicellate, the fertile solitary, 

 all terminal, small. 



B. distychoph^lla Torr. Mts. of E. Tenn. Shrub with the slender twigs vel- 

 vety-puberulent, as well as the veins and flower-stalks. Lvs. ovate, acuminate, 

 9 to 18" long, thin, ciliate on the margin, obtuse at base, on very short petioles. 

 $ fls. 1-J-" broad, in the midst of caducous bractlets. $ FI. subtended by 4 

 bractlets. Fr. 8 to 9" long, narrowed at base into the short stipe. (Borya disty- 

 .chophylla Nutt.) 



2. PYRULA'RIA, MX. OIL-NUT. (Diminutive of Pyrus ; its fruit 

 resembling a little pear.) Flowers dicecious ; calyx 5-cleft, subcam- 

 panulatc ; disk 5-toothed, glandular, half-adherent to the ovary ; style 

 1 ; stigmas 2 or 3, sublenticular ; drupe pyriform, 1-seeded, inclosed in 

 the adhering base of the calyx. Shrubs with the habit of Celastrus. 

 Lvs. alternate, entire. Rac. terminal. 



P. pubera MX. Shrub unarmed ; Ivs. oval-oblong, acute, puberulent, pellucid- 

 punctate; rac. spike-like, terminal. Margins of mountain streams, Penn. to G. 

 Shrub 4 6f high. Root fetid. Leaves 23' by 1 !', entire, acuminate, pet- 

 iolate, veins prominent beneath. Flowers small, greenish yellow. Calyx tube 

 short, nearly filled with the glandular disk in the $ flowers, the segments reflexed 

 in the $ . Stamens alternate with the glands of the disk, opposite to those of 

 the calyx Drupe 7 to 9" long, 5 to 7" thick. May. (Hamiltonia oleifera 

 Muhl.) 



3. COMAN'DRA, Nutt. BASTARD TOAD FLAX. (Gr. w^, hair, 

 ai'dpec, stamens ; stamens connected to the petals by a tuft of hairs.) 



