ORDER 114. ARTOCARPACE^E. 635 



1 M. rubra L. RED MULBERRY. Lvs. scabrous, pubescent beneath, rounded or 

 subcordate at base, equally sen-ate, acuminate, ovate or (in the young trees) pal- 

 mately and oddly lobed ; fertile spikes cylindric ; fr. dark red. In N. Eng. a rare 

 shrub 15 -to 2 Of higli. In the Mid. S. and W. States it attains the elevation of 

 40 60f, with a diameter of 1 to 2f. Roots yellow. Trunk covered with a gray- 

 ish bark, much broken and furrowed. "Wood fine-grained, stong and durable. 

 Leaves 4 6' long, f as wide, entire or divided into lobes, thick, dark green. 

 Flowers small. Fruit of a deep red color, with the aspect of a blackberry, com- 

 posed of the entire catkin, made pulpy and sweet Apr., May. 



2 M. alba L. WHITE MULBERRY. Lvs. glabrous, cordate and oblique at 

 base, unequally serrate, either undivided or lobed ; fr. whitish. Cultivated for the 

 sake of its leaves as the food of silk worms. A tree of humble growth. Leaves 

 2 ' ] on g ? s as w ide, acute, petiolate. Flowers green, in small, roundish spikes 

 or heads. Fruit of a yellowish-white, insipid, f China. 



j3. MULTICAULIS. (CHINESE MULBERRY.) Lvs. large (47' long, I as broad.) 

 Shrub. 



3 M. nigra L. BLACK MULBERRY. Lvs. scabrous, cordate, ovate or lobed, 

 obtuse, unequally serrate ; fertile spikes oval. Cultivated for ornament and shade, 

 in this as well as in many other countries. Fruit dark red or ulackish, of ail 

 aromatic, acid flavor, f Persia. 



2. BROUSSONE^TIA, L'Hcr. PAPER MULBERRY. (In honor of P. 

 TV 7 ". V. JSrouxsonct, a distinguished French naturalist.) Flowers dice- 

 ceous ; $ ament cylindric ; calyx 4-parted ; $ ament globous ; re- 

 ceptacle cylindric-clavate, compound ; calyx 3 to 4-toothed, tubular ; 

 ovaries becoming fleshy, clavate, prominent ; style lateral ; seed 1, cov- 

 ered by the calyx. Trees from Japan. 



B. papyrifera Yent. Lvs. of the younger tree roundish-ovate, acuminate, 

 mostly undivided, of the adult tree 3-lobed ; fr. hispid. A fine hardy tree, occa- 

 sionally cultivated. It is a low, bushy-headed tree, of rapid growth, with large, 

 light green, downy leaves, and dark red fruit a little larger than peas, with long, 

 purple hairs. The divided Ivs. resemble those of the white mulberry. 



3. MACLITRA, Xutt. OSAGE ORANGE. (To William Maclure, Esq., 

 of the V. S., a distinguished geologist.) Flowers $ , in aments. Calyx 

 5 ova. numerous, coalescing into a compound, globous fruit, of 1- 

 seeded, compressed, angular, cuneiform carpels ; sty. 1, filiform, villous. 

 A lactescent tree, with deciduous, alternate, entire, cxstipulate leaves 

 and stout, axillary spines. 



M. aurantiaca Nutt. A beautiful tree, native on the banks of the Arkansas, 

 &c. Leaves 4 5' by 14 2^', glabrous and shining above, strongly veined and 

 paler beneath, on short petioles, ovate or ovate-oblong, margin obscurely denticu- 

 late, apex subacuminate, rather coriaceous. The fruit is about the size of an 

 orange, golden yellow when ripe, suspended by an axillary peduncle amid the 

 deep green, polished foliage. Extensively cultivated for hedges. 



4. FFCUS, Tourn. FIG. BANYAN. (Gr. OVKTJ. Lat. ficus. Celtic 

 firjueren. Teutonic fieye. Anglo-Saxon Fie. English Fig.) Flowers 

 moncecious, minute, fixed upon the inside of a fleshy, turbinate, closed 

 receptacle; $ calyx 3-parted ; stamens 3 ; $ calyx 5 -parted ; ovary 1 ; 

 seed 1 ; fruit (syconus) composed of the enlarged, fleshy receptacles 

 inclosing the numerous, dry, imbedded achcnia. 



F. Carica "Willd. COMMON FIG. Lvs. cordate, 3 5-lobed, repand-dentate ; 

 lobes obtuse, scabrous above, pubescent beneath. Supposed to be a native of 

 Caria, Asia, although cultivated for its fruit in all tropical climes. With us it i* 

 reared only in sheltered locations as a curiosity. The delicious fruit is well known. 

 Leaves very variable in form. 



