756 OKDE^ 155. CYPERACEJE. 



leaves towards the base ; Ivs. erect, close ; whole plant glaucous except the spikes. 

 Wet places, common. Nearer C. caespitosa than,C. stricta. 



61 C. stricta Gooden. $ Spikes 1 2, cylindric, lower one sessile, and the scale 

 rusty brown aud obtuse ; $ spikes 2 3, long-cylindric, upper half $ , lower 

 longer, short-pedunculate, loosely-flowered below ; perig. ovate-acumiuate or ellip- 

 tic, compressed at the orifice entire or slightly emarginate, and its glume strongly 

 ferruginous, the lower ones acute-lanceolate, the upper linear and obtuse, commonly 

 longer and narrower than the perigynia ; St. 2f with reticulated filaments connect- 

 ing the leaves (Boott). Wet places, as bogs, common. 



62 C. angustata Boott. $ Spikes 2 or 3, cylindric, slender ; ? spikes 1 to 4, 

 cylindric, sessile, often nodding, the lowest short-pedunculate, the upper stam. at 

 apex and hence tapering above or acute ; perig. oval or ovate, acutish, entire at 

 orifice, or short-beaked, scarcely veined, equaling or shorter than the narrow or 

 oblong, subacute, variable brown glume ; culm 2f, acutely triquetrous, scabrous, not 

 robust, longer than the stiff, narrow, glaucous leaves. Very common in large 

 bogs over the country. (C. acuta, ed. 1st. and Am. auth. not of L.) 



63 C. aquatilis Wahl. $ Spikes 1 4, erect, cylindric, lowest bracteate, tho 

 glume oblong, obtusish ; $ spikes often 3, cylindric, thick above, 1 2' long, sub- 

 erect, short-pedunculate, densely-flowered; perig. elliptic, lenticular, rather small, 

 entire, glabrous, protruded at tho orifice, scarcely equaling the green, ovate, acutish 

 glume; st. 20 30' high, rather obtuse-angled and scarcely scabrous. In marshes 

 and wet places, common. 



64 C. gynandra Schw. (B. t. 48.) $ Spikes one or more, lax, oblong, some- 

 times with a few 2 flowers ; $ spikes about 3, oblong, cylindric, pedicellate, nod- 

 ding, attenuated below, and more loosely flowered, often $ at summit ; perig. ovate, 

 sub-inflated, short-rostrate, entire at the orifice, glabrous, about ^ as long as tho 

 oblong, obtusish, scabrous-awned glume; st. 12 24' high, rough, triquetrous. 

 Common in wet places. 



65 C. crinita Lam. (B. t. 47.) $ $ Spikes mostly 1, long, slender; spikes about 

 . 4, long-cylindric, densely-flowered, recurved, with a long, reclined peduncle ; perig. 



ovate, suborbicular, obtusish, emarginate at the orifice, convex both sides; glumes 

 terminated by a long, serrate point more than thrice the length of the perigynia ; 

 st. 20 42' high, recurved, rough-edged, pale green. Common in dry grounds. 

 (C. paleacea Wahl. Ed. 1st.) 



66 C. maritima Vahl. (Schk. fig. 74.) Spikes long, cylindric, subpendulous or 

 recurved; ? spikes 1 to 3, pedunculate, bracted; perig. suborbicular, short-ros- 

 trate or apiculate, emarginate, veined, rather close, much shorter than the long- 

 awned, ovate-oblong, or emargina&e-awned glume', culm 10 to 18', erect, with smooth 

 leaves. Sea coast, Mendon, Mass, and northward (Carey). This is tho real C. 

 paleacea Wahl. described by him in almost the same language as liis next species, 

 C. maritima. 



67 C. salina Wahl. (Schk. fig. 185.) Spikes cylindric, erect; ? spikes 2 or 3, 

 remotish, short-pedunculate, dense-flowered, leafy-bracted ; perig. elliptic, short- 

 apiculate, double-convex, entire at the orifice, shorter than the oblong, acute, short- 

 awned glume; culm 8 to 16', leafy below, with long leafy bracts auriculate at their 

 base. Salt marshes, Mass, to Arc. Am. 



II. Stigmas 3. Achenium triquetrous, 



68 C. Fraseri Sims. Spike oblong, $ glume oblong, acutish ; ? fls. at the base 

 in an ovoid or globous mass; perig. ovate or oblong, short-beaked, apex entire, 

 longer than the oblong, obtuse glume; culm 8 to 10', flat, leafless; Ivs. 2 radical, 

 flat, wide, veined, with no midvein, pale or glaucous and longer than the culm. 

 Tyger valley, Penn. (Muhl.), Mts. of N. Car. (Curtis). (C. lagopus MuhL> A 

 peculiar and striking plant. 



69 C. polytrichoides Muhl. Spike oblong, terminal ; perig. 3 8, oblong, alter- 

 nate, erect, subtriquetrous, glabrous, emargiuato, twice longer than the ovate and 



