7<j3 ORDER 155. CYPERACE^E. 



170 C. retr6rsa Schw. Spikes about 3, rarely 1, often with a few perig. at 

 the base; $ spikes 4 6, oblong, cyl., appro x., dense-flowered, with long and 

 leafy bracts, the lowest often remote and long ped.^; perig. ovate-inflated, subglo- 

 bous, rostrate, bifurcate, nerved, reftexed, twice longer than the lane. gl. ; culm 



15 30', scabrous above, large, stiff, and leafy. Bright green. In clusters, about 



pools of water, common. The lower spikes sometimes have 1 or 2 smaller spikes 

 attached to them. 



171 C. Schweinitzii Dew. $ Spikes 2, rarely 1, upper long and slender, lower 

 with a few perig. at the base ; $ spikes 24, oblong, cyl., subapprox., subrecurved, 

 rather close-flowered, lowest often long-ped. ; perig. ovate-oblong, tapering above, 

 rostrate, inflated, nerved, glabrous, bifurcate, longer than the subulate, subsetaceous 

 gl; culm 6 12', scabrous above, very leafy. Pale yellowish-green. Wet sandy 

 grounds, N. Y., 1ST. J. ? and northward. 



172 C. mirata Dew. $ Spikes 2 or more, long-cyl., near, loose, with long, 

 linear, rough-awned gls. ; $ spikes 2, long-cyl, stalked, lax-flowered, suberect, 

 bracted, yellowish, staminate at apex ; perig. lance-ovate, slender, long-conic, ros- 

 trate, scarcely inflated, scabrous, oblique at the long-cuspidate beak, diverging, 

 long-pediccled, equaling or longer than the narrow, rough-awned gl; culm 2f, 

 erect, very rough, stiff, shorter than the stiff, rough edged Ivs. ; light-yellowish 

 green. Greece, N. Y. (Bradley). (C. arista ta, Boott, &c., but very different.) 



173 C. longirostris Torr. (B. t. 77.) $ Spikes 3, short; 9 spikes 23, cyl, 

 quite loose-flowered, pendulous, subdistant, with filiform ped.; perig. ovate, globous, 

 inflated, glabrous, long-rostrate, hispid, a little longer than the lance or ovate, cus- 

 pidate gl. ; st. 15 30', rather slender, stiff, .leafy below. Bright green. On light 

 soil of hedges in N. England and N. York, common. 



174 C. Vaseyi Dew. $ Spikes 2 to 4, slender, the highest long-cylindric, the 

 next shorter; ? spikes 2, often 3, long-cyl., loose, remote, bracteate, only the 

 lowest long-ped. ; perig. ovate-oblong, inflated, long- terete-rostrate, somewhat triq., 

 serrate on the bifurcate beak, glabrous, veined, much longer than the lance-oblong 

 glume ; culm about 2f, erect, stiff, shorter than the rough Ivs. ; bright green. Wet 

 places, N. Y. to 111. (Vasey). (C. vesicaria 13. Boott., &c.) 



175 C. lacustris "Willd. $ Spikes 34, erect, sessile ; 5 spikes 2 3, erect, 

 oblong, cylindric, short-pedunculate ; perig. ovate-oblong, tapering or lanceolate, 

 bifurcate, glabrous, a little longer than the oblong, mucronate gl. ; culm 2 3f, scab- 

 rous above, erect and large, with long and large leaves and bracts. Light green. 

 Marshes. Common. (C. riparia Mulil. nee Gooden.) 



176 C. riparia Gooden. $ Spike 3 5, oblong, thick, erect, sessile; $ spikes 

 2 3, erect, oblong, often long-cylindric; perig. ovate-elliptic, contracted into a 

 short, bifurcate beak, glabrous, about equaling or shorter than the ovate, mucro- 

 nate, or oblong-lane, gl. ; culm 2 3f, scabrous above, leafy below. Bright green. 

 Mich. (Cooley) and westward. Distinguished from the preceding by its broader, 

 more inflated fruit, and its oblong-ovate, mucronate glume, which often surpasses 



, the perig. 



177 C. aristata R. Br. (B.,.t. 58.) ? Spikes 2 4, cylindric, distant, close- 

 flowered, erect; perig. ovate, oblong, nerved, deeply bifid, very glabrous, long- 



rostrate, longer than the oblong, awned, greenish glume ; Ivs. and sheaths villous 

 on the under side; st. a foot or more high. Bright green. Watertown, N. Y., 

 far west and north. Is not this very closely related to No. 160 ? 



178 C. utriculata Boott, (t. 37.) $ Spikes 3 or 4, slender, cyl., long, often 

 bracteato ; $ spikes about 3, long-cyl., large, often stam. above, subremote, the 

 lowest tapering below, loose and stalked, with bracts surpassing the culm ; perig. 

 oval-oblong, drawn into a terete, tapering, bifurcate beak, smooth, veined, straw- 

 colored, larger than the lanceolate, purple, rough-awned glume; culm 2 to 3f, 

 shorter than the broad, stiff, nodous, netted, glaucous Ivs. Abundant in marshy 

 places wide over the country. (C. ampullacea, ft. Carey.) 



ft. SPARSIFLORA. Spikes all very long (4 to 6'), slender, the $ spikes very 

 loose, and more so below, the lowest long-pedunculate ; perig. smaller and 

 glume longer. Watertown, N. Y. (Crawe). 



179 C. ampullacea Good. $ Spikes 2 or 3, cyl., erect ; $ spikes 2 or 3, long- 

 cyl., erect, quite dense, short-ped., bracteate ; perig. ovate-globous, a littlo inflated, 



