86 GARDEN-CRAFT. 



English, but English with a difference with a 

 declared tendency this way or that, which justifies 

 classification, and illustrates the march of things in 

 this changeful modern world. 



The various types include the mediaeval garden, the 

 square garden, the knots and figures of Elizabethan 

 times, with their occasional use of coloured earths 

 and gravels ; the pleach-work and intricate borders 

 of James I. ; the painted Dutch statues as at Ham 

 House ; the quaint canals, the winding gravel-walks, 

 the formal geometrical figures ; the quincunx and 

 itoile of William and Mary ; later on, the smooth, 

 bare, and bald grounds of Kent, the photographic 

 copyism of Nature by Brown, the garden-farm of 

 Shenstone, and other phases of the " Landscape 

 style " which served for the green grave of the old- 

 fashioned English garden. 



In the early years of George III. a reaction 

 against tradition set in with so strong a current, 

 that there remains scarcely any private garden in 

 the United Kingdom which presents in all its parts a 

 sample of the original design. 



Levens, near Kendal, of which I give two illustra- 

 tions, is probably the least spoiled of any remaining 

 examples ; and this was, it would seem, planned by 

 a Frenchman, but worked out under the restraining 

 influences of English taste. A picture on the stair- 

 case of the house, apparently Dutch, bears the 

 inscription, " M. Beaumont, gardener to King James 

 II. and Colonel James Grahme. He laid out the 

 gardens at Hampton Court and at Levens." The 



