NOTES ON OLIVE CULTURE. 



HOT T^Ar /6/ $ 



* Article Number 2. 



Frank A. Kimball in National City Record. 



way equal to f"wasF7 

 i earth for the they w< 



let the trees grow asl 

 Mil now reaping the re- 



tn:> climate ami soil evcry 



the most favored spot on earth for the they w< , i(jd 



production of these three great staples, ward of ci-eduiity-i nave mu 

 required and demanded by every nation away more wood than now makes i 

 of the earth, then our lands will be culti- of the tree-of course not all at once. I 

 vated, and but a short time will elapse be- in th'-. venae. 

 now fore California will stand in the front rank ( ' <$tw!es compel me to neglec 



Compare this price to that which IS now producing the largest returns W\ . in pruning, but m gene > . 



..ii,H in ,h,<We. where eveiyci ,1- frQm the ' smaHest ir f vestme , H : f capkol o:; v-v i vesult was low Wtality 



ii-p-i of I'lnd tr^aUf*Xti* litt ' *rHkto resist the scale insect ana 



o* tl ic s olive treewUl bedis 3to> ; 3^* wl 'le orchard became in- 

 the oliva^ee. wjjjj b, .,1,,^ sm,^ tQ ^^ an extent that mUe growtl 



was made during the past season, and 



: 1'i.iv;: ci r/ruRK. almost no fruit this year. I have now 



Considerable attention is beingpaicl t. mastered the scale and smulby '" aPP 1 '; 

 ... .... cation of whale-oil soap, applied \utn a 



lie cultivation ot the olive in yanoib j orce p uin p through a spray nozzle. 

 parts of the conntv. There are aboui The time required for spraying is coni- 

 ,, . i mrativplv little, and the cost of soap but 



,00 trees in the county now bearing, ^mal, chargo i',ov tre,, -.he whole opera- 

 tion in no w "o ._ Afte cultivation 

 , if a c "* 



t *- Tht . * -, -t least we can 



think ahead to the tune when the plant 

 ! or tree which will produce the greatest 



trees at ten years old. jn Syria it isnoi t( , ten in number on the- place. Anothei amount of food on the smallest area of 

 uncommon for snow *o fall to the depth of , , laud will he sought for, and with the 



two feet before " V' kin S season be S ins ' ' :r " V1 ' "' " lm ' s Is t " 1 "" 1 " n *'"' " lli greatest care cultivated-a fact historically 

 and the snow has to be trodden down with i liovanhii place near Forestville, where true in all countries where the olive is one 

 the feet to make gathering possible, and ,] , , ,, . of the possible crops. 



when gathered, tho fruit is packed on Ho,,! M. 1>. WilcVer, U. S. Commissioner 



men's backs, down the mountain sides to md which this season are full of fruit, to the Paris Exposition, in his report to 

 the homes of the gatherers. A. mistake was made in planting the-e'llie Senate of the United States, says of 



It has been urged that the olive which B8 a,ev wen- vet out more t i,. u , "live oil: "Oil in some way or other plays 



has been planted in California, and be- ' II] a I11O st important part in the domestic 



come fully acclimated, is not tne best mr feet apart. They are now fror*) economy of Europe. It is not only the 



.southern 

 crop 



the quantity of oil. l can nanny consiuei m ms i umpo Kancno. i ins trees. to fail. Keal olive oil most reauuy agrees 



realized in this State, where every op 

 stance relating to the production of oil i 

 more favorable than in Italy, if we may 

 except the price of labor. 



For instance, the tree here, will oring J 

 paving crop at four years from plantmr 

 the cutting, while in Italy seven years from 

 transplanting the tree from nursery, then 

 two or three years old, is as soon as _the 

 tree will pay profit, pa, 



Here our season for picking the fruit 

 begins in October, usually, and may con-! '> 



tinue for four or iiye months, making it 1 hese are found principally in the. 

 possible for a man or boy to harvest 4,000 ma y.,ii e y at Howe & Hall's ' 

 gallons of fruit, which represents nearly ][,>, )m " r \ ., n ,i ,;. , u .,..,i \ , 



500 gallons of oil, or a value of, say 2,000, ' 



and should be the product of two acres of , while others have a few trees, Iron, tutu 

 trees at ten years old. In 'Syria it is not t|) k , n iu mllnl)l . 1 . ,, the- place. Anothei 



from 



Jiave become good sized trees before earlier 

 or better varieties have been proven so 

 and have become acclimated. . that was set out in this ci y 



11 

 be,,. 



thirty to i 1 . . >o 4 . 



two \>ai> 



And should more desirable varieties bejago lu 

 introduced, it will occasion but temporary 

 loss to graft the Mission olive with them, -' 

 and will certainly place us far in advance seldoir^ 

 of where we would be if we waited till the V( 

 trial can be made and the hoped for result 

 reached. 



If it Is found that a little less oil is made 

 from a certain amount of fruit, may not 

 ' that small loss be far more than conipen- ( 

 sated for in the economy of harvesting 

 over a long time, rather than be compelled 

 to harvest in a short time? 



The habit of the Mission olive whether 



i;i to show si;,'ns ol 

 eery slowly, n ml 

 ir from !ive U> HO en 



'.' 7.' .;lt 



JN OLIVE CUI/TT" r ' 

 Article Number 1. 



Frank A. Kimball ill National City 

 There seems still to be a great 



Olive trees live far beyond the memory 

 of man, and some indeed passed the ordi- 

 nary limits of tradition.' At Piscio, in 

 Italy, there is a tree which can be proved 

 historically to be more than 700 years old. 

 There can be but little question that trees 

 on the Mount of Olives 2,000 years ago, 

 are there to-day. 



'ie question is often asked, " Where 

 .1 ' Queen' olive trees he had ?" and the 

 .lortest answer is this: There is no dis- 

 inctive n: ae applied to any variety of 

 llie olive it is simply an arbitrary name 

 niisa) adopted by packers. The prepared olives 



prehension in regard to the importance < known in common as " Picholinis" are 

 planting the olive the impression beir not a variety of the olive, but take their 



planting 



general that the tree is of slow gro 



and of late mauirity, so far as the 



mpr 

 of s 



y severe pruning, n iiignei letters in regard to t" 

 I droop and shade the trunk, and t ne variety of qiiastiliii.i . 

 : is where the Mission olive has O f t j le g en eAHy received oprni 

 age over many varieties which (.'lUlin^i^LulJU'lmitQa where 



natural or the result of climatic causes _ _ j ? 



since its introduction into California, is to t j oll o f f rl ,jt ; s concerned. 



branch low, and if these low limbs be re- j i, ave now on file over " -,,") 7| 



moved by severe pruning, the higher letters in regard to t>- 



limi> will droop 



right here i 



an advantage i -r-^- ~i . 



send out their branches at an acute angle remain, and properly taken 

 to the main stock of the tree, thus expos- planted in January, will be fro-,..-,, 

 ing tho trunk to the desiccating influ- feet high the first year. The lic- 

 ence of our long dry seasons, the ten- they should not be permitted to 

 dency being to evaporate the sap which very much in height the ends of } 

 Nature intended should be deposited as branches should be pinched oft', 

 wood. growth of the tree thrown into tin 



I have tried the experiment and am sat- otherwise, it will grow upward ve 

 isfied that a larger tree can be made in at the expense of the trunk at its ba 

 five years by low branching, than in seven It is of primary importance thf 

 years by pruning the low branches and trunk should be made strong, partic 

 exposing the trunk. All trees trimmed on the coast where the trade win 

 high will have coarse bark and rough, from the same direction for abou 



ime from an Italian by the name of 

 Picholini," who discovered the art of 

 ckling the olive. 



jUrowne in his "Trees of America," 



i'ty years ago, wrote as follows: "From 



value of its products, in a commercial 



u of view aside from other oonsidera- 



, the culture of the olive strongly 



.ms the attention of the American agri- 



'.turist, and the trial sould be made in 



// place where its failure is not' 



ail)." 



generation ago, in Italy, the market 

 ue of the tinest olive oil was less than 

 jhty (SO) cents per gallon to the pro- 

 icer, and was at that date consi'V-> v> d the 

 ost desirable crop to raise, *use- 



leuce of its cert" of , the 



iiount of labor requi. 

 ion, and the income per 

 [To be ( 



01 , tne 



lui.v . in its prodjic-. 



, from the same direction 



like the bark on old apple trees, but when months of the year; and if this tr,'. 



protected by foliage, the bark remains any other, is permitted to grow a slenaer [* to' the 



smooth and green. pane, it has no strength to resist this con- CouEidernble attentio 



Many people are of the opinion that the slant pressure of the wind, and will have - 



an inclination from the wind just in pro- 

 portion to its strength to resist the pres- 



olive tree may be planted on land which is 



worthless for any other plant and, as a 



general conclusion, say the olive will grow sure my orchard is the best evideur^ of 



anywhere and thrive without care. Ex- this fact. 



perience in Southern California will prove 



the fallacy of such conclusions and I be- 



lieve it may be written down as an axiom 

 that every plant, to secure the best re- 



With the knowledge which all .ho 

 have planted olives have gained bv ex- 

 perience, and whj- U .,^ry man is 

 and anxious to communicate to 







place, 

 while othe 

 In number 



llooper'B and General 

 ve a lew trees, from four to teu , 

 the place Another wove o 



suits must be planted in soil adapted to its wishing to plant no one need to make a 



mistake and what has been done by the 

 best of us in five years can be accomplish- 

 ed in three years. 



Judicious pruning is absolutely i- 



tial, and consists not in letting a great 

 mass of limbs grow to a diameter of one, 

 two or three inches and then cutting them 

 oft' thereby injuring, perhaps perman- 



nature, in locations adapted to its habits, 

 and receive such care and cu-ltirati<i as 

 would entitle the owner to ejjjcct satisl'ac-) 

 tory returns. 



Hundreds and perhaps thousands ol 

 i^jrgoes of earth have been transported or 

 vessels from tho Island of Cyprus to the 

 Island of Malta, carried up the mouutain 



. \jii MIDJTOUJ' aiijui 1 1 1 i; i j.'ci iiaj^a t*^ 1 iii<**<- 



sUlesonlhe heads or shoulders of men ently, the vitality of the tree, and lessen- 

 and women, and added to the poor rocky, ing 'the size of 'the tree by one or two 

 sterile soil of the y mountains and make it years' growth all of which would have 



' 



possible to produce the wonderful crops 

 that have made that islan 1, having an 

 area of less than six or eight miles of 

 arable land, tho most productive of any 

 similar area, probably, on the globe, 

 there be-ing an annual export of from 

 $0,000 to 10,000 in the product of the olive 

 tree, mulberry tree and the vine. 



ii.i.niuii.'iii.* VACTJ UIA vuv 7 ttllu JUSb \\iieic 11 SIJ 



-WJjeu__thepeoplc of Southern or, for symmetrical shape. 



i . i /-i_ i : * :_ -._.!_.. *'_ 



been avoided by pinching off the ends of 

 branches which are growing too fast, thus 

 throwing the strength of the tree into the 

 part desired; and by rubbing oft' the 

 sprouts, where limbs are not wanted. By; 

 this method of pruning, no wood is made ' 

 and thrown away it is nil in the tree 1 , / 

 and just where it should be to make a 



seldom bear order rom flve to seven years. 

 Santa Btja^Ztemoc*.' ^____- 



! s the ra?etb IB season. Ey- 

 cry year lucre is a preference for a special 

 Ii-uit. 



that matter7~N^iTthiX'alifornia wake up- 

 1<noA'iedgo of 



